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Montero-Cabrera, M. E., Carreño-Márquez, I. J. A., Castillo-Sandoval, I., Pérez-Cázares, B., Fuentes-Cobas, L. E., Esparza-Ponce, H. E., Menéndez-Méndez, E., Fuentes-Montero, M. E., Castillo-Michel, H., Eichert, D., et al. (2020) Are the Naica giant crystals deteriorating because of human action? Powder Diffraction, 35 (S1). S15-S23 doi:10.1017/s0885715620000287

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Reference TypeJournal (article/letter/editorial)
TitleAre the Naica giant crystals deteriorating because of human action?
JournalPowder Diffraction
AuthorsMontero-Cabrera, M. E.Author
Carreño-Márquez, I. J. A.Author
Castillo-Sandoval, I.Author
Pérez-Cázares, B.Author
Fuentes-Cobas, L. E.Author
Esparza-Ponce, H. E.Author
Menéndez-Méndez, E.Author
Fuentes-Montero, M. E.Author
Castillo-Michel, H.Author
Eichert, D.Author
Loredo-Portales, R.Author
Canche-Tello, J.Author
Luna-Porres, M. Y.Author
González-Sánchez, G.Author
Burciaga-Valencia, D.Author
Caraveo-Castro, C.Author
Gómez-Méndez, G.Author
Muñoz-Castellanos, L.Author
Reyes-Cortes, I.Author
Year2020 (May 11)Volume35
Page(s)S15-S23IssueS1   >
PublisherCambridge University Press (CUP)
URL
DOIdoi:10.1017/s0885715620000287Search in ResearchGate
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Mindat Ref. ID13256937Long-form Identifiermindat:1:5:13256937:0
GUID0
Full ReferenceMontero-Cabrera, M. E., Carreño-Márquez, I. J. A., Castillo-Sandoval, I., Pérez-Cázares, B., Fuentes-Cobas, L. E., Esparza-Ponce, H. E., Menéndez-Méndez, E., Fuentes-Montero, M. E., Castillo-Michel, H., Eichert, D., et al. (2020) Are the Naica giant crystals deteriorating because of human action? Powder Diffraction, 35 (S1). S15-S23 doi:10.1017/s0885715620000287
Plain TextMontero-Cabrera, M. E., Carreño-Márquez, I. J. A., Castillo-Sandoval, I., Pérez-Cázares, B., Fuentes-Cobas, L. E., Esparza-Ponce, H. E., Menéndez-Méndez, E., Fuentes-Montero, M. E., Castillo-Michel, H., Eichert, D., et al. (2020) Are the Naica giant crystals deteriorating because of human action? Powder Diffraction, 35 (S1). S15-S23 doi:10.1017/s0885715620000287
In(2020) Powder Diffraction Vol. 35. Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Abstract/NotesThe giant gypsum crystals of Naica cave have fascinated scientists since their discovery in 2000. Human activity has changed the microclimate inside the cave, making scientists wonder about the potential environmental impact on the crystals. Over the last 9 years, we have studied approximately 70 samples. This paper reports on the detailed chemical–structural characterization of the impurities present at the surface of these crystals and the experimental simulations of their potential deterioration patterns. Selected samples were studied by petrography, optical and electronic microscopy, and laboratory X-ray diffraction. 2D grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, X-ray μ-fluorescence, and X-ray μ-absorption near-edge structure were used to identify the impurities and their associated phases. These impurities were deposited during the latest stage of the gypsum crystal formation and have afterward evolved with the natural high humidity. The simulations of the behavior of the crystals in microclimatic chambers produced crystal dissolution by 1–4% weight fraction under high CO2 concentration and permanent fog, and gypsum phase dehydration under air and CO2 gaseous environment. Our work suggests that most surface impurities are of natural origin; the most significant anthropogenic damage on the crystals is the extraction of water from the caves.

Map of Localities

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LocalityCitation Details
Naica, Saucillo Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexico
Cave of Swords, Maravillas Mine, Naica, Saucillo Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexico
Cave of Crystals, Naica Mine, Naica, Saucillo Municipality, Chihuahua, Mexico


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