Native Tellurium
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Native Tellurium
Formula:
Te
Colour:
Tin-white
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
2 - 2½
Specific Gravity:
6.1 - 6.3
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Member of:
Name:
For the Latin name of planet earth, "tellus".
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
This page provides mineralogical data about Native Tellurium.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3906
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3906:8
IMA Classification of Native Tellurium
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Native Tellurium
1.CC.10
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
C : Metalloids and Nonmetals
C : Sulfur-selenium-iodine
1 : ELEMENTS (Metals and intermetallic alloys; metalloids and nonmetals; carbides, silicides, nitrides, phosphides)
C : Metalloids and Nonmetals
C : Sulfur-selenium-iodine
Dana 7th ed.:
1.3.3.2
1.3.4.2
1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
3 : Semi-metals and non-metals
1 : NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS
3 : Semi-metals and non-metals
1.54
1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)
1 : Elements and Alloys (including the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au)
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Te | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Te | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Native Tellurium
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Tin-white
Streak:
Grey
Hardness:
2 - 2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {1010}, imperfect on {0001}
Perfect on {1010}, imperfect on {0001}
Density:
6.1 - 6.3 g/cm3 (Measured) 6.225 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Native Tellurium
Anisotropism:
Fairly strong
Reflectivity:
| Wavelength | R1 (%) | R2 (%) |
|---|---|---|
| 400nm | 58.1% | 64.2% |
| 420nm | 58.4% | 64.8% |
| 440nm | 58.7% | 65.3% |
| 460nm | 59.1% | 65.7% |
| 480nm | 59.3% | 66.1% |
| 500nm | 59.7% | 66.5% |
| 520nm | 60.0% | 66.8% |
| 540nm | 60.1% | 67.0% |
| 560nm | 60.2% | 66.8% |
| 580nm | 60.0% | 66.6% |
| 600nm | 59.5% | 66.0% |
| 620nm | 58.8% | 65.2% |
| 640nm | 57.9% | 64.3% |
| 660nm | 57.1% | 63.4% |
| 680nm | 56.1% | 62.3% |
| 700nm | 55.0% | 61.3% |
Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 67.0%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red
Colour in reflected light:
white
Pleochroism:
Weak
Chemistry of Native Tellurium
Mindat Formula:
Te
Element Weights:
| Element | % weight |
|---|---|
| Te | 100.000 % |
Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Se,Fe,Bi,S
Crystallography of Native Tellurium
Crystal System:
Trigonal
Class (H-M):
3 2 - Trapezohedral
Space Group:
P31 2 1
Setting:
P31 2 1
Cell Parameters:
a = 4.4572 Å, c = 5.929 Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.33
Unit Cell V:
101.3 ų
Z:
3
Morphology:
Prismatic and acicular crystals
Crystallographic forms of Native Tellurium
Crystal Atlas:
Image Loading
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Tellurium no.2 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Tellurium no.5 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by
www.smorf.nl.
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0020696 | Native Tellurium | Adenis C, Langer V, Lindqvist O (1989) Reinvestigation of the structure of tellurium Acta Crystallographica C45 941-942 |  | 1989 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
| 0011258 | Native Tellurium | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Crystal Structures 1 7-83 | 1963 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0017993 | Native Tellurium | Bradley A (1924) The crystal structure of tellurium _cod_database_code 1011098 Philosophical Magazine 48 477-496 | 1924 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Loading XRD data...
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.230 Å | (100) |
| 2.351 Å | (37) |
| 2.228 Å | (31) |
| 3.86 Å | (20) |
| 1.835 Å | (20) |
| 1.479 Å | (13) |
| 1.616 Å | (12) |
Comments:
Synthetic
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Native Tellurium
Synonyms of Native Tellurium
Other Language Names for Native Tellurium
Afrikaans:Telluur
Arabic:تيلوريوم
Armenian:Տելուր
Azeri:Tellur
Basque:Telurio
Belarusian:Тэлур
Bengali:টেলুরিয়াম
Bosnian:Telurijum
Bulgarian:Телур
Catalan:Tel·luri
Corsican:Telluriu
Croatian:Telurij
Czech:Tellur
Danish:Tellur
Dutch:Telluur
Esperanto:Teluro
Estonian:Telluur
Finnish:Telluuri
French:Tellure
Friulian:Teluri
Galician:Telurio
German:Tellur
Gediegen Tellur
Silvan
Gediegen Tellur
Silvan
Greek:Τελλούριο
Hebrew:טלור
Hindi:टेलुरियम
Hungarian:Tellúr
Icelandic:Tellúr
Ido:Telurio
Indonesian:Telurium
Irish Gaelic:Teallúiream
Italian:Tellurio
Japanese:自然テルル
Javanese:Telurium
Kannada:ಟೆಲ್ಲುರಿಯಮ್
Korean:텔루륨
Latvian:Telūrs
Lithuanian:Telūras
Lojban:Tedjicmu
Low Saxon/Low German:Tellur
Luxembourgish:Tellur
Malayalam:ടെലൂറിയം
Manx:Çhellurium
Marathi:टेलरियम
Norwegian:Tellur
Norwegian (Nynorsk):Tellur
Occitan:Telluri
Polish:Tellur
Portuguese:Telúrio
Quechua:Teluryu
Romanian:Telur
Russian:Теллур
Serbian:Телур
Serbo-Croatian:Telur
Sicilian:Telluriu
Simplified Chinese:自然碲
Slovak:Telúr
Slovenian:Telur
Spanish:Telurio
Swahili:Teluri
Swedish:Tellur
Tamil:டெலூரியம்
Thai:เทลลูเรียม
Turkish:Tellür
Ukrainian:Телур
Uzbek (Latin Script):Tellur
Vietnamese:Telua
Varieties of Native Tellurium
| Selen-tellurium | Se-bearing tellurium. Se 29%. Probably an isomorphous mixture. |
Relationship of Native Tellurium to other Species
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 78 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
| 53 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Arsenopyrite | FeAsS |
| 42 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Pyrite | FeS2 |
| 38 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Nagyágite | [Pb3(Pb,Sb)3S6](Au,Te)3 |
| 37 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Limonite | |
| 32 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Rhodochrosite | MnCO3 |
| 29 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Calaverite | AuTe2 |
| 24 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Sylvanite | AgAuTe4 |
| 21 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Tellurite | TeO2 |
| 16 photos of Native Tellurium associated with Sphalerite | ZnS |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 1.CC. | Clinosulphur | S8 |
| 1.CC.05 | Rosickýite | S |
| 1.CC.05 | Sulphur | S8 |
| 1.CC.10 | Selenium | Se |
| 1.CC.15 | Iodine | I2 |
Other Information
Notes:
With HNO3 (1:1), effervesces vigorously and stains dark gray. FeCl3 (20%), slowly tarnishes brownish gray. No reaction with HCl (1:1), KCN (20%), KOH (40%), or HgCl2 (5%).
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Native Tellurium
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3906.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Native Tellurium
Reference List:
Klaproth, M. H. (1802) LLXXIII. Chemische Untersuchung der siebenbürgischen Golderze, A. Gediegen Tellur. In Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper Vol. 3. Rottmann. p.2-15.
Ballmer, Gerald J. (1932) Notes and news: Native tellurium from northwest of Silver City, New Mexico. American Mineralogist, 17 (10) 491-492
Watanabe, Takeo (1936) Crystals of Native Tellurium from Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 4, Geology and mineralogy, 3 (2). 101-111
Nakata, Masataka, Komuro, Kosei (2011) Chemistry and Occurrences of Native Tellurium from Epithermal Gold Deposits in Japan. Resource Geology, 61 (3) 211-223 doi:10.1111/j.1751-3928.2011.00159.x
Hurtig, Nicole C., Gysi, Alexander P., Monecke, Thomas, Petersen, Sven, Hannington, Mark D. (2024) Tellurium Transport and Enrichment in Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide Deposits: Numerical Simulations of Vent Fluids and Comparison to Modern Sea-Floor Sulfides. Economic Geology, 119 (4) 829-851 doi:10.5382/econgeo.5067
Localities for Native Tellurium
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Albania | |
| Anikó Lovász et al. (2018) +1 other reference |
Argentina | |
| Brodtkorb (2002) +1 other reference |
| Brodtkorb (2002) +1 other reference |
| Topa et al. (2004) +2 other references | |
| Paar et al. (2005, January) +1 other reference |
| Brodtkorb (2002) | |
Armenia | |
| Kolpakova et al. (2001) +2 other references |
| Mederer et al. (2019) |
Australia | |
| Ehrig et al. (2012) |
| Econ Geol (1986) |
| Xue et al. (2014) |
| Ahmed A et all (2014) | |
| - (1903) +1 other reference |
Austria | |
| Putz +4 other references |
| Auer (1995) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Auer (2019) |
| Kolitsch (2014) |
Belgium | |
| Hatert (1996) +2 other references |
| Hatert et al. (2002) |
| perso.infonie.be (2004) |
Brazil | |
| Henwood (1871) |
| Henwood (1871) |
Bulgaria | |
| Kerestedjian (1997) |
| Bogdanov et al. (1997) +1 other reference |
| Terziev (1966) +3 other references |
| Bogdanov et al. (2005) +2 other references |
Canada | |
| Peatfield (n.d.) |
| Manor |
| Thompson (1954) +1 other reference |
| Sparkes et al. (2016) |
| Ramdohr (1969) |
| Reiner Mielke 2017 |
| Fraser (1993) +1 other reference |
| Kasprowicz (2023) |
| www.mineralinfo.org (2008) |
Chile | |
| SEM-EDS by Joy Desor |
| HENLEY et al. (2011) +1 other reference |
| Maurizio Dini collection - analysed with EDX (by Dr. Jochen Schlüter) +1 other reference |
| www.lrz-muenchen.de (n.d.) +1 other reference | |
| I.Domeyko collection +2 other references |
China | |
| Cui et al. (1996) +1 other reference |
| Yanhe Cui et al. (1994) |
| Ruiqi Wang (1977) |
| Guanxiang Song (1991) +2 other references |
| Zhang et al. (2024) |
| Jianong Zhao et al. (1997) |
| Junxian Wang et al. (2011) | |
| Huijuan Zhu et al. (1989) +2 other references |
| Chang et al. (2022) |
| Zhenkuan Luo et al. (1999) +2 other references |
| preprint |
| Shuzhang Tian et al. (1993) | |
| Song et al. (2023) |
| Wu et al. (2024) |
| Qiangzhi Li et al. (2003) +1 other reference |
| Xia Ai and Zengyi Chen (1993) |
| Liyan Zhang (1985) |
| Li et al. (2019) |
| Handong Qian et al. (2000) |
| |
| Changfu Chen et al. (1999) +2 other references |
| Xuefeng Yu (2001) +1 other reference | |
| Zhimin Cao (1991) |
| Yuchuan Chen et al. (1994) +3 other references |
| Mao et al. (2024) |
Czech Republic | |
| Dolníček et al. (2018) |
| Žáček et al. (2015) |
| Small and microscopical minerals |
Dominican Republic | |
| Muntean et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
Egypt | |
| Helmy (2005) |
Fiji | |
| Naden +1 other reference |
| Lum (1995) |
| 16th Australian Geological Convention |
| Naden +4 other references |
Finland | |
| Geological Survey of Finland 2008. Pampalo (Ward) |
| www.gsf.fi (n.d.) |
| Economic Geology (1996) +1 other reference |
France | |
| Chauris (2014) |
Germany | |
| Habel (2009) |
| Förster (2004) +1 other reference |
| Forster et al. (2004) |
Greece | |
| Uwe Kolitsch and Branko Rieck analyses (see also http://lavrion.gr/Minerals/Updates.html) |
| Voudouris et al. (2018) |
| Repstock (2011) +2 other references |
| Voudouris et al. (2011) | |
| Singer et al. (2008) |
| Voudouris +2 other references | |
| Bonev et al. (2005) +2 other references |
Honduras | |
| Dana 6:980. |
Hungary | |
| Szakáll & Gatter |
| 100 mineral localities of Hungary: ... +2 other references | |
| Takács et al. (2013) +1 other reference |
Iceland | |
| Guðmundsson (2024) |
Ireland | |
| Spinks et al. (2016) |
| Spinks et al. (2016) |
Italy | |
| Moroni et al. (2019) |
| Piccoli et al. (2007) |
| Oberto et al. (2021) |
| Fadda et al. (2005) |
| Ruggieri et al. (1997) | |
| COSSA A. (1898) |
| Dini et al. (2024) |
| Dini et al. (2024) |
Japan | |
| K Jouhou (15-4-2002) +2 other references |
| Komuro et al. (2017) |
| YUNINGSIH et al. (2018) |
| Africano et al. (2000) |
| Bernard (1985) +1 other reference | |
| Nakata et al (1989) +4 other references |
| 田中崇裕・濱根大輔: ... +3 other references | |
| Yosimura (1939) +1 other reference | |
| Ishibashi (1960) +1 other reference |
| Shimizu et al. (1991) +2 other references |
| Rocks & Min.: 62:167. +6 other references |
| - (n.d.) +3 other references | |
Kazakhstan | |
| Глоба В.А. Месторождение Манка - новый геолого-промышленный тип месторождений золота. // Изв. НАН РК et al. (403) |
Mexico | |
| Lawrence D. Dickey collection |
| Lapis 2001 (1) |
| Braith et al. (2001) +1 other reference | |
| Lapis 2001 (1) | |
New Zealand | |
| Courtney et al. (1990) |
Norway | |
| Neumann (1985) |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Lindley (1998) |
| Espi et al. (2005) +1 other reference |
| Espi et al. (2002) +1 other reference |
Peru | |
| Bendezu et al. (2009) |
| Bendezu et al. (2009) | |
Philippines | |
| Fermor 2011: Ore Deposits in an ... |
Romania | |
| |
| Klaproth (1802) +1 other reference |
| Dana 6:11. | |
| Gratian +5 other references |
| Simon et al. (1995) |
| Cook et al. (2003) +1 other reference | |
| Apopei et al. (2016) |
| Afifi et al. (1988) +2 other references | |
Russia | |
| Bestemianova et al. (2017, December) |
| Maslennikov et al. (2005) +2 other references |
| Seltmann et al. (2010) +1 other reference |
| Kasatkin et al. (2022) |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2018) |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2020) | |
| Plotinskaya et al. (2014) | |
| Spiridonov et al. (the South Urals) +1 other reference | |
| Vikentyev et al. (2004) |
| Maslennikov et al. (2013) | |
| Chitalin et al. (2023) |
| Nagornaya et al. (2012) | |
| Mineralogy of the Peschanka porphyry copper deposit et al. (Trans. Inst. Min. Metall. B) | |
| Yakich et al. (2021) |
| Distler et al. (2005) |
| |
| Sidorov et al. (2017, August) | |
| Sidorov +5 other references |
| Tolstykh et al. (2017) +2 other references | |
| Kozlov et al. (n.d.) +4 other references | |
| Glavatskih S.F. (2003) |
| Левочская et al. (2021) |
| Tamara Yu. Yakich * et al. (2024) +1 other reference | |
| Kalinin (2021) |
| Kalinin (2021) | |
| Bazai et al. (2009) |
| Chernyavsky et al. (2012) +1 other reference | |
| Vikent’ev et al. (2006) |
| Kuleshevich et al. (2012) |
| V. I. Ivashchenko et al. (2007) +1 other reference |
| Pavel.M. Kartashov (n.d.) +3 other references |
| Azovskova et al. (2013, January) |
| Shadchin et al. (2024) |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Afifi et al. (1988) |
Slovakia | |
| Ďuďa (1993) |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) | |
South Korea | |
| Choi et al. (2005) |
Spain | |
| A. Arribas et al. (2005) |
| www.foro-minerales.com (n.d.) | |
Sweden | |
| Billström et al. (2022) |
| Dobbe (1991) |
| Dobbe (1991) | |
| Oen et al. (1984) +2 other references |
| Ossian Åström (2015) |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
Turkey | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) +2 other references |
UK | |
| Ixer et al. (1997) |
Ukraine | |
| Bobrov et al. (2006, August) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Graeme (1993) |
| Graeme (1993) +2 other references | |
| Butler et al. (1938b) +1 other reference | |
| Bideaux et al. (1960) +1 other reference |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| Turner (1898b) +1 other reference |
| www.mineralsocal.org (1999) |
| Contributions to mineralogy +6 other references |
| Küstel (1866) +4 other references | |
| Adams (2017) |
| Silliman et al. (1868a) +3 other references |
| Tucker (1925) +3 other references |
| Leicht et al. (1994) |
| Silliman et al. (1868a) +4 other references |
| Dana 6:11. |
| Collection of Alex Earl |
| Brian Kosnar specimen (ex. Jack Byron Collection with label) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Mike Scott S102561 fm Cureton #CZQ ID ... |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Dana 6: 11 +1 other reference | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Rocks & Min.:10:83. |
| RWMW specimem | |
| Dana 6:11 & Dana 7:I:594. +2 other references | |
| Dana 6:11. |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Dana 6: 11 +3 other references | |
| Dana 6: 11 +2 other references | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Dana 7:I:199. |
| Dana 7:I:199 |
| Anthony et al. (1990) | |
| Econ Geol (1980) +2 other references |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| POHL et al. (1990) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Tony Nikischer | |
| Am Min 89:1043-1047 +1 other reference |
| Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Korbel et al. (1999) |
| Lindgren et al. (1906) |
| Jenson |
| Specimens in the collection of Chris ... | |
| Carnein et al. (2005) | |
| 2009 New Mexico Mineral Symposium ... | |
| Silliman (1819a, 1819b, 1819c) +3 other references |
| Morrill et al. 1958. +1 other reference |
| Heinrich et al. (2004) |
| Econ Geol (1994) |
| Gobla (2012) | |
| Economic Geology (1996) +1 other reference |
| Spry et al. (1996) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Rocks & Minerals. Nov. 1999. |
| Castor et al. (2004) | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Hayes et al. (2019) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Walstrom (n.d.) +2 other references |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Northrop et al. (1996) | |
| Rocks & Min.:60:86. |
| Alminas +2 other references | |
| Thorne (n.d.) |
| Miyawaki et al. (2019) +1 other reference |
| Coolbaugh et al. (2020) | |
| SEM EDS confirmed by Rob Bowell. |
| Henwood (1871) |
| Henwood (1871) | |
| Dietrich (1990) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Dietrich (1990) |
Uzbekistan | |
| Kovalenker (2003) +2 other references |
| Evseev (1995) +4 other references | |
Zimbabwe | |
| Afifi et al. (1988) +1 other reference |
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Emperor Mine, Vatukoula, Vatukoula Gold Field, Viti Levu, Fiji