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Kristiansenite

A valid IMA mineral species
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02451060017271929542893.jpg
Kristiansenite

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
01921070017271929559127.jpg
Kristiansenite

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
08236280017271929561704.jpg
Kristiansenite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
02451060017271929542893.jpg
Kristiansenite

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
01921070017271929559127.jpg
Kristiansenite

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
08236280017271929561704.jpg
Kristiansenite

Seula mine, Mount Camoscio, Oltrefiume, Baveno, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province, Piedmont, Italy
02451060017271929542893.jpg
Kristiansenite

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
09936030017271929576523.jpg
Kristiansenite

Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
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About KristianseniteHide

07113280017271929595880.jpg
Roy Kristiansen
Formula:
Ca4(Sc2Sn2)[Si2O7]2[Si2O6OH]2
Formula according to CNMNC Newsletter 70, establishment of kristansenite group.
Colour:
Colorless, white, or slightly yellowish
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
5½ - 6
Specific Gravity:
3.64 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
Named after Roy Kristiansen (1943, Fredrikstad, Norway - ), amateur mineralogist from Sellebakk, Norway who first observed the new mineral. He has coauthored on seven new mineral descriptions.
Isostructural with:
Silesiaite
The Sc analogue of silesiaite.
A relatively rare calcium-scandium-tin-sorosilicate found as a late hydrotermal stage mineral in granite pegmatites.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
10814
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:10814:0

IMA Classification of KristianseniteHide

IMA status:
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ca4Sc2Sn2(Si2O7)2(Si2O6OH)2
Approval year:
2000
First published:
2001

Classification of KristianseniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2025):
9.BC.30

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
C : Si2O7 groups, without non-tetrahedral anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference
KseIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of KristianseniteHide

Lustre:
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Colorless, white, or slightly yellowish
Streak:
White
Hardness:
5½ - 6 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
3.64 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Chemistry of KristianseniteHide

Mindat Formula:
Ca4(Sc2Sn2)[Si2O7]2[Si2O6OH]2

Formula according to CNMNC Newsletter 70, establishment of kristansenite group.
Element Weights:
Element% weight
O38.542 %
Sn20.426 %
Si19.331 %
Ca13.792 %
Sc7.736 %
H0.173 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Elements listed:
Ca, H, O, Sc, Si, Sn - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of KristianseniteHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pedial
Cell Parameters:
a = 10.007(5) Å, b = 8.401(5) Å, c = 13.327(5) Å
α = 90.08°, β = 109.06°, γ = 90.01°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.191 : 1 : 1.586
Unit Cell V:
1,058.96 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Tapered crystals, to 2 mm, and as aggregates to 2 mm across. Sometimes as colorless grains in spessartine.
Twinning:
Polysynthetic twinning on {010}.
Comment:
space group C1

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0011092KristianseniteFerraris G, Gula A, Ivaldi G, Nespolo M, Raade G (2001) Crystal structure of kristiansenite: a case of class IIB twinning by metric merohedry Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 216 442-4482001amazonite pegmatite, Heftetjern, Tordal, Telemark, Norway0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
5.18 Å(53)
3.898 Å(12)
3.146 Å(100)
3.089 Å(63)
2.901 Å(19)
2.595 Å(34)
2.142 Å(17)
1.433 Å(12)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites

Type Occurrence of KristianseniteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Heftetjern pegmatite, Tørdal, Drangedal, Telemark, Norway
General Appearance of Type Material:
Tapered crystals and aggregates.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Geological Museum, University of Oslo, Norway.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Late stage hydrothermal vugs in an amazonite pegmatite.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
AlbiteApatiteBazziteEpidoteHingganite-(Y)
Ixiolite-(Mn2+)-Ixiolite-(Fe2+) SeriesMilariteQuartzScandiobabingtoniteStilpnomelane

Synonyms of KristianseniteHide

Other Language Names for KristianseniteHide

Simplified Chinese:硅锡钪钙石
Traditional Chinese:矽錫鈧鈣石

Relationship of Kristiansenite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Kristiansenite Group
Other Members of Kristiansenite Group:
KozłowskiiteCa4(Fe2+Sn3)[Si2O7]2[Si2O6OH]2Tric. 1
SilesiaiteCa4(Fe3+2Sn2)[Si2O7]2[Si2O6OH]2Tric. 1

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
3 photos of Kristiansenite associated with ScandiobabingtoniteCa2(Fe2+,Mn)ScSi5O14(OH)
2 photos of Kristiansenite associated with QuartzSiO2
2 photos of Kristiansenite associated with CascanditeCaScSi3O8(OH)
2 photos of Kristiansenite associated with FluoriteCaF2
2 photos of Kristiansenite associated with Stilpnomelane(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36 · nH2O
1 photo of Kristiansenite associated with Triclinic TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
1 photo of Kristiansenite associated with Epidote(CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
1 photo of Kristiansenite associated with Stilbite-CaNaCa4(Si27Al9)O72 · 28H2O
1 photo of Kristiansenite associated with Allanite-(Ce)(CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)
1 photo of Kristiansenite associated with AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

9.BC.Anorthoyttrialite-(Y)Y4(SiO4)(Si3O10)Tric. 1 : P1
9.BC.KozłowskiiteCa4(Fe2+Sn3)[Si2O7]2[Si2O6OH]2Tric. 1
9.BC.05Yttrialite-(Y)(Y,Th)2Si2O7Mon. 2/m : P21/m
9.BC.05ThortveititeSc2Si2O7Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BC.05Keiviite-(Y)Y2Si2O7Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BC.05Keiviite-(Yb)Yb2Si2O7Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BC.05GittinsiteCaZrSi2O7Mon. 2 : B2
9.BC.10ParakeldyshiteNa2ZrSi2O7Tric. 1 : P1
9.BC.10Keldyshite(Na,H)2ZrSi2O7Tric. 1 : P1
9.BC.10KhibinskiteK2ZrSi2O7Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.BC.10BrunovskyiteNaZrSi2O6(OH) Tric. 1 : P1
9.BC.15RankiniteCa3Si2O7Mon. 2/m : P21/b
9.BC.20BarysilitePb8Mn2+[Si2O7]3Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3c
9.BC.25Edgarbaileyite[Hg2]2+3[Si2O7]Mon.
9.BC.30SilesiaiteCa4(Fe3+2Sn2)[Si2O7]2[Si2O6OH]2Tric. 1
9.BC.35Percleveite-(Ce)Ce2Si2O7Tet. 4 : P41
9.BC.35Percleveite-(La)La2Si2O7Tet. 4 : P41
9.BC.40ScottyiteBaCu2Si2O7Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmna

Fluorescence of KristianseniteHide

In UV light:
Nonfluorescent

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for KristianseniteHide

References for KristianseniteHide

Localities for KristianseniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Czech Republic
 
  • Vysočina Region
    • Třebíč District
      • Kožichovice
Výravský et al. (2017)
Finland
 
  • Kanta-Häme
    • Forssa
Kristiansen (2023)
Italy
 
  • Piedmont
    • Verbano-Cusio-Ossola Province
Nagashima et al. (2022)
        • Feriolo
Piccoli et al. (2007)
        • Oltrefiume
          • Mount Camoscio
Grill (1935)
Guastoni A. +1 other reference
Japan
 
  • Ehime Prefecture
    • Ochi District
      • Iwagi Island
Imaoka et al. (2024)
Norway (TL)
 
  • Telemark
    • Drangedal
      • Tørdal
Ferraris et al. (2001) +1 other reference
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Karkonosze County
      • Szklarska Poręba
Evans et al. (2018)
Spain
 
  • Community of Madrid
Prado-Herrero (2009)
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