Bussenite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Bussenite
Formula:
Na2Ba2Fe2+Ti(Si2O7)(CO3)(OH)3F
Colour:
yellow-brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
4
Specific Gravity:
3.63
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named by A.P. Khomyakov, Y.P. Men'shikov, G.N. Nechelyustov, Z. Huyun in honor of Irina Vladislavovna Bussen (Ирина Владиславовна Буссен) (24 September 1915, Petrograd (now St. Petersburg) – 20 February 2013) mineralogist, geologist, petrologist and specialist in alkaline massifs.
Type Locality:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
11187
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:11187:0
IMA Classification of Bussenite
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ba4(Na,◻)2(Fe2+,Na)2Ti2(Si2O7)2(CO3)2O2(OH)2(H2O)2F2
First published:
2001
Classification of Bussenite
9.BE.65
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
E : Si2O7 groups, with additional anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
B : Sorosilicates
E : Si2O7 groups, with additional anions; cations in octahedral [6] and greater coordination
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Bus | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Bussenite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Colour:
Yellow-brown
Streak:
White
Hardness:
4 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Cleavage (001) perfect, (110) and (1_10) medium.
Cleavage (001) perfect, (110) and (1_10) medium.
Density:
3.63(2) g/cm3 (Measured) 3.65 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Bussenite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.671 nβ = 1.694 nγ = 1.734
2V:
Measured: 71° (1), Calculated: 76°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.063
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r>v, strong
Pleochroism:
Strong
Comments:
X and Z pale yellow, Y brownish orange
Chemistry of Bussenite
Mindat Formula:
Na2Ba2Fe2+Ti(Si2O7)(CO3)(OH)3F
Element Weights:
Crystallography of Bussenite
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pedial
Space Group:
P1
Setting:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.419 Å, b = 7.042 Å, c = 16.334 Å
α = 102.45°, β = 93.20°, γ = 90.00°
α = 102.45°, β = 93.20°, γ = 90.00°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.77 : 1 : 2.32
Unit Cell V:
607.7 ų
Z:
2
Morphology:
{001}
Twinning:
None observed
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0012376 | Bussenite | Zhou H, Rastsvetaeva R K, Khomyakov A P, Ma Z, Shi N (2002) Crystal structure of new micalike titanosilicate - bussenite, Na2Ba2Fe2+[TiSi2O7][CO3]O(OH)(H2O)F Crystallography Reports 47 43-46 | 2002 | Khibiny alkaline massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.910 Å | (44) |
3.186 Å | (100) |
3.055 Å | (38) |
2.797 Å | (29) |
2.738 Å | (62) |
2.695 Å | (32) |
2.677 Å | (29) |
2.613 Å | (32) |
2.312 Å | (28) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks |
Type Occurrence of Bussenite
General Appearance of Type Material:
The mineral consists of ап aggregate of curved plates 2-5 сm wide and 0.5 mm thick. Visually and under the microscope, it resembles lamprophyllite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Moscow
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Bussenite
Other Language Names for Bussenite
Relationship of Bussenite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Bafertisite Group:
Bafertisite | Ba2Fe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2 | Tric. |
Bobshannonite | Na2KBa(Mn,Na)8(Nb,Ti)4(Si2O7)4O4(OH)4(O,F)2 | Tric. |
Cámaraite | Ba3Na(Fe2+,Mn)8Ti4(Si2O7)4O4(OH,F)7 | Tric. 1 |
Hejtmanite | Ba2Mn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2 | Tric. 1 |
Jinshajiangite | BaNaFe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Perraultite | BaNaMn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F | Tric. 1 |
Yoshimuraite | Ba2Mn2Ti(Si2O7)(PO4)O(OH) | Tric. 1 : P1 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
9.BE. | Zinkgruvanite | Ba4Mn2+4Fe3+2(Si2O7)2(SO4)2O2(OH)2 |
9.BE. | Calciomurmanite | (Na,◻)2Ca(Ti,Mg,Nb)4[Si2O7]2O2(OH,O)2(H2O)4 |
9.BE. | Cámaraite | Ba3Na(Fe2+,Mn)8Ti4(Si2O7)4O4(OH,F)7 |
9.BE. | Alfredcasparite | Sr2TiO(Si2O7) |
9.BE. | Batievaite-(Y) | Y2Ca2Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)4 |
9.BE. | Nacareniobsite-(Y) | Na3Ca3YNb(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE. | Alexkuznetsovite-(Ce) | Ce2Mn(CO3)(Si2O7) |
9.BE. | Bobshannonite | Na2KBa(Mn,Na)8(Nb,Ti)4(Si2O7)4O4(OH)4(O,F)2 |
9.BE. | Paralomonosovite | Na6◻4Ti4(Si2O7)2[PO3OH][PO2(OH)2]O2(OF) |
9.BE. | Madeiraite | Na2Ca2Fe2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2 |
9.BE. | Bortolanite | Ca2(Ca1.5Zr0.5)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2 |
9.BE. | Moxuanxueite | NaCa6Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE. | Delhuyarite-(Ce) | Ce4Mg(Fe3+,W)3◻(Si2O7)2O6(OH)2 |
9.BE. | Christofschäferite-(Ce) | Ce3CaMnTiFe3+Ti2(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.X | Asimowite | Fe2+4O(Si2O7) |
9.BE. | Biraite-(La) | La2Fe2+(CO3)(Si2O7) |
9.BE. | Pilanesbergite | Na2Ca2Fe2Ti2(Si2O7)2O2F2 |
9.BE.02 | Wadsleyite | Mg4O(Si2O7) |
9.BE.02 | Ohtaniite | Mg3(Si0.5◻0.5)Si2O8 |
9.BE.05 | Lawsonite | CaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O |
9.BE.05 | Hennomartinite | SrMn3+2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O |
9.BE.05 | Cortesognoite | CaV2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O |
9.BE.05 | Noelbensonite | BaMn3+2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O |
9.BE.05 | Itoigawaite | SrAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2 · H2O |
9.BE.07 | Ilvaite | CaFe3+Fe2+2(Si2O7)O(OH) |
9.BE.07 | Amamoorite | CaMn2+2Mn3+(Si2O7)O(OH) |
9.BE.07 | Manganilvaite | CaFe2+Fe3+Mn2+(Si2O7)O(OH) |
9.BE.10 | Suolunite | Ca2(H2Si2O7) · H2O |
9.BE.12 | Jaffeite | Ca6(Si2O7)(OH)6 |
9.BE.15 | Fresnoite | Ba2Ti(Si2O7)O |
9.BE.17 | Janhaugite | (Na,Ca)3(Mn2+,Fe2+)3(Ti,Zr,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(OH,F)2 |
9.BE.17 | Burpalite | Na2CaZr(Si2O7)F2 |
9.BE.17 | Niocalite | (Ca,Nb)4(Si2O7)(O,OH,F)2 |
9.BE.17 | Normandite | NaCa(Mn,Fe)(Ti,Nb,Zr)(Si2O7)OF |
9.BE.17 | Hiortdahlite | Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE.17 | Låvenite | Na2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2 |
9.BE.17 | Cuspidine | Ca8(Si2O7)2F4 |
9.BE.17 | Wöhlerite | Na2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F |
9.BE.17 | Baghdadite | Ca6Zr2(Si2O7)2O4 |
9.BE.20 | Nacareniobsite-(Ce) | Na3Ca3(Ce,REE)Nb(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE.20 | Roumaite | (Ca,Na,REE,◻)7(Nb,Ti)[Si2O7]2OF3 |
9.BE.20 | Rinkite-(Ce) | (Ca3Ce)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2 |
9.BE.20 | Nacareniobsite-(Nd) | Ca2(CaNd)Na3Nb(Si2O7)2(OF)F2 |
9.BE.20 | Rinkite-(Y) | Na2Ca4YTi(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE.20 | Mosandrite-(Ce) | (Ca3REE)[(H2O)2Ca0.5◻0.5]Ti(Si2O7)2(OH)2(H2O)2 |
9.BE.22 | Hainite-(Y) | Na2Ca4(Y,REE)Ti(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE.22 | Rosenbuschite | Na6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6 |
9.BE.22 | Götzenite | NaCa6Ti(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE.22 | Fogoite-(Y) | Na3Ca2Y2Ti(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE.22 | Kochite | Na3Ca2MnZrTi(Si2O7)2OF3 |
9.BE.23 | Dovyrenite | Ca6Zr(Si2O7)2(OH)4 |
9.BE.25 | Lamprophyllite | (Na,Mn2+)3(Sr,Na)2(Ti,Fe3+)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH,O,F)2 |
9.BE.25 | Seidozerite | Na4MnZr2Ti(Si2O7)2O2F2 |
9.BE.25 | Nabalamprophyllite | (BaNa)Ti2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 |
9.BE.25 | Schüllerite | Ba2Na(Mn,Ca)(Fe3+,Mg,Fe2+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2(O,F)4 |
9.BE.25 | Ericssonite | BaMn2+2Fe3+(Si2O7)O(OH) |
9.BE.25 | Grenmarite | Na4MnZr3(Si2O7)2O2F2 |
9.BE.25 | Kazanskyite | BaNa3Ti2Nb(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2(H2O)4 |
9.BE.25 | Saamite | Ba◻Na3Ti2Nb(Si2O7)2O2(OH)F(H2O)2 |
9.BE.25 | Emmerichite | Ba2Na(Na,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Mg)Ti2(Si2O7)2O2F2 |
9.BE.25 | Barytolamprophyllite | (Ba,Na)2(Na,Ti,Fe3+)4Ti2(Si2O7)2O(OH,F) |
9.BE.25 | Ericssonite-2O | BaMn2+2Fe3+(Si2O7)O(OH) |
9.BE.25 | Fluorbarytolamprophyllite | (Ba,Sr)2[(Na,Fe2+)3(Ti,Mg)F2][Ti2(Si2O7)2O2] |
9.BE.25 | Fluorlamprophyllite | Na3(SrNa)Ti3(Si2O7)2O2F2 |
9.BE.25 | Lileyite | Ba2(Na,Fe,Ca)3MgTi2(Si2O7)2O2F2 |
9.BE.27 | Kolskyite | CaNa2Ti4(Si2O7)2O4(H2O)7 |
9.BE.27 | Vigrishinite | NaZnTi4(Si2O7)2O3(OH)(H2O)4 |
9.BE.27 | Selivanovaite | NaFe3+Ti4(Si2O7)2O4(H2O)4 |
9.BE.27 | Murmanite | Na2Ti2(Si2O7)O2 · 2H2O |
9.BE.30 | Epistolite | (Na◻)Nb2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2(H2O)4 |
9.BE.32 | Lomonosovite | Na5Ti2(Si2O7)(PO4)O2 |
9.BE.35 | Vuonnemite | Na11Ti4+Nb2(Si2O7)2(PO4)2O3(F,OH) |
9.BE.37 | Sobolevite | Na13Ca2Mn2Ti3(Si2O7)2(PO4)4O3F3 |
9.BE.40 | Ferroinnelite | Ba4Ti2Na(NaFe2+)Ti(Si2O7)2[(SO4)(PO4)]O2[O(OH)] |
9.BE.40 | Phosphoinnelite | Na3Ba4Ti3(Si2O7)2(PO4,SO4)2O2F |
9.BE.40 | Innelite | Ba4Ti2Na(NaMn2+)Ti(Si2O7)2[(SO4)(PO4)]O2[O(OH)] |
9.BE.42 | Yoshimuraite | Ba2Mn2Ti(Si2O7)(PO4)O(OH) |
9.BE.42 | Horiite | Ba2Mn2Mn4Ti2(Si2O7)2(PO4)2O2(OH)2 |
9.BE.45 | Quadruphite | Na6Na2(CaNa)2Na2Ti2Na2Ti2(Si2O7)2(PO4)4O4F2 |
9.BE.47 | Polyphite | Na5(Na4Ca2)Ti2(Si2O7)(PO4)3O2F2 |
9.BE.50 | Shkatulkalite | Na2Nb2Na3Ti(Si2O7)2O2(FO)(H2O)4(H2O)3 |
9.BE.50 | Bornemanite | Na6BaTi2Nb(Si2O7)2(PO4)O2(OH)F |
9.BE.55 | Hejtmanite | Ba2Mn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2 |
9.BE.55 | Bykovaite | (Ba,Na,K)2(Na,Ti,Mn)4(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(H2O,F,OH)2 · 3.5H2O |
9.BE.55 | Nechelyustovite | (Ba,Sr,K)2(Na,Ti,Mn)4(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O2(O,H2O,F)2 · 4.5H2O |
9.BE.55 | Bafertisite | Ba2Fe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2 |
9.BE.60 | Delindeite | (Na,K)2(Ba,Ca)2(Ti,Fe,Al)3(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2 · 2H2O |
9.BE.62 | Orthochevkinite | (Ce,La,Ca,Na,Th)4(Fe2+,Mg)2(Ti,Fe3+)3Si4O22 |
9.BE.62 va | Strontium Perrierite | (Ce,Sr,La,Ca)4Fe2+(Ti,Zr,Fe)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.62 | Chevkinite-(Nd) | (Nd,REE)4(Fe2+,Mg)(Fe2+,Ti,Fe3+)2(Ti,Fe3+)2(Si2O7)2O8 ? |
9.BE.62 | Perrierite-(Nd) | Nd4MgFe3+2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8 ? |
9.BE.67 | Jinshajiangite | BaNaFe2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F |
9.BE.67 | Perraultite | BaNaMn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F |
9.BE.70 | Dingdaohengite-(Ce) | (Ce,La)4Fe2+(Ti,Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.70 | Perrierite-(Ce) | Ce4MgFe3+2Ti2O8(Si2O7)2 |
9.BE.70 | Karnasurtite-(Ce) | (Ce,La,Th)(Ti,Nb)(Al,Fe)(Si2O7)(OH)4 · 3H2O |
9.BE.70 | Maoniupingite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)4(Fe3+,Ti,Fe2+,◻)(Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+,Nb)4(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.70 | Matsubaraite | Sr4Ti5(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.70 | Rengeite | Sr4ZrTi4(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.70 | Polyakovite-(Ce) | (Ce,Ca)4(Mg,Fe2+)(Cr3+,Fe3+)2(Ti,Nb)2(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.70 | Hezuolinite | (Sr,REE)4Zr(Ti,Fe3+)4(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.70 | UM2008-53-SiO:SrTiZr | Sr4ZrTi4(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.70 | Chevkinite-(Ce) | Ce4(Ti,Fe2+,Fe3+)5O8(Si2O7)2 |
9.BE.70 | Perrierite-(La) | (La,Ce,Ca)4(Fe2+,Mn)(Ti,Fe3+,Al)4[(Si2O7)O4]2 |
9.BE.70 | Strontiochevkinite | (Sr,La,Ce,Ca)4Fe2+(Ti,Zr)2Ti2(Si2O7)2O8 |
9.BE.72 | Fersmanite | Ca4(Na,Ca)4(Ti,Nb)4(Si2O7)2O8F3 |
9.BE.75 | Belkovite | Ba3(Nb,Ti)6(Si2O7)2O12 |
9.BE.77 | Nasonite | Pb6Ca4(Si2O7)3Cl2 |
9.BE.80 | Melanotekite | Pb2Fe3+2(Si2O7)O2 |
9.BE.80 | Kentrolite | Pb2Mn3+2(Si2O7)O2 |
9.BE.82 | Alexkuznetsovite-(La) | La2Mn(CO3)(Si2O7) |
9.BE.82 | Tilleyite | Ca5(Si2O7)(CO3)2 |
9.BE.85 | Killalaite | Ca6.4(H0.6Si2O7)2(OH)2 |
9.BE.87 | Stavelotite-(La) | (La,Nd,Ca)3Mn2+3Cu(Mn3+,Fe3+,Mn4+)26(Si2O7)6O30 |
9.BE.90 | Magnesiorowlandite-(Y) | Y4(Mg,Fe)(Si2O7)2F2 |
9.BE.90 | Biraite-(Ce) | Ce2Fe2+(Si2O7)(CO3) |
9.BE.92 | Cervandonite-(Ce) | (Ce,Nd,La)(Fe3+,Fe2+,Ti,Al)3O2(Si2O7)(As3+O3)(OH) |
9.BE.92 | Chirvinskyite | (Na,Ca)13(Fe,Mn,◻)2(Ti,Zr)5(Si2O7)4(OH,O)12 · 2H2O |
9.BE.95 | Rusinovite | Ca10(Si2O7)3Cl2 |
9.BE.95 | Batisivite | BaV3+8Ti6(Si2O7)O22 |
9.BE.97 | Schlüterite-(Y) | (Y,REE)2AlSi2O7(OH)2F |
Fluorescence of Bussenite
Nonfluorescent
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Bussenite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-11187.html
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References for Bussenite
Reference List:
Jambor, John L., Grew, Edward S., Roberts, Andrew C. (2002) New mineral names. American Mineralogist, 87. 1509-1513
Mandarino, Joseph A. (2002) New minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist, 40 (5). 1527-1550 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.40.5.1529
Sokolova, E. (2006) From structure topology to chemical composition. I. Structural hierarchy and stereochemistry in titanium disilicate minerals. The Canadian Mineralogist, 44 (6) 1273-1330 doi:10.2113/gscanmin.44.6.1273
Sokolova, E., Cámara, F. (2017) The seidozerite supergroup of TS-block minerals: nomenclature and classification, with change of the following names: rinkite to rinkite-(Ce), mosandrite to mosandrite-(Ce), hainite to hainite-(Y) and innelite-1T to innelite-1A. Mineralogical Magazine, 81 (6) 1457-1484 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.010
Localities for Bussenite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Russia (TL) | |
| Khomyakov et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
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Kukisvumchorr Mt, Khibiny Massif, Murmansk Oblast, Russia