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Parsettensite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Parsettensite

Foote Lithium Co. Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA

Parsettensite

Tanatz Alp, Splügen, Rheinwald, Viamala Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettensite

Foote Lithium Co. Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA

Parsettensite

Foote Lithium Co. Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA

Parsettensite

Tanatz Alp, Splügen, Rheinwald, Viamala Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Parsettensite

Foote Lithium Co. Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA

Parsettensite

Foote Lithium Co. Mine, Kings Mountain, Cleveland County, North Carolina, USA

Parsettensite

Tanatz Alp, Splügen, Rheinwald, Viamala Region, Grisons, Switzerland

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About ParsettensiteHide

Parsettens I

Parsettens Alp, Tinizong, Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Formula:

(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O

Previous, simplified formula: K_1.2Mn₈(Si,Al)₁₂O₂₆(OH)₁₀.

Colour:

Yellowish brown to honey-yellow, light brown, copper-red

Lustre:

Vitreous, Metallic, Sub-Metallic

Hardness:

1½ - 4

Specific Gravity:

2.59

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Member of:

Stilpnomelane Group

Name:

Named in 1923 by Johann Jakob after the type locality, Alp Parsettens.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Parsettens Alp, Tinizong (Tinzen), Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Dimorph of:

Zussmanite

Isostructural with:

Chalcodite, Ferristilpnomelane, Stilpnomelane

May be visually similar to ganophyllite and bementite.
Compare also the chemically similar coombsite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

3125

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:3125:3

IMA Classification of ParsettensiteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

IMA Formula:

(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O

First published:

1923

Type description reference:

Jakob, J. (1923) Vier Mangansilikate aus dem Val d'Err (Kt. Graubünden). Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 3: 227-237.

Classification of ParsettensiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2025):

9.EG.40

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
G : Double nets with 6-membered and larger rings

Dana 8th ed.:

74.1.3.1

74 : PHYLLOSILICATES Modulated Layers
1 : Modulated Layers with joined islands

Hey's CIM Ref.:

14.17.9

14 : Silicates not Containing Aluminum
17 : Silicates of Mn

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Psn	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
Psn	Warr (2020)	Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Physical Properties of ParsettensiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous, Metallic, Sub-Metallic

Transparency:

Transparent

Comment:

metallic appearance due to strong colour and strong reflection on cleavages

Colour:

Yellowish brown to honey-yellow, light brown, copper-red

Streak:

Brownish yellow

Hardness:

1½ - 4 on Mohs scale

Comment:

No value is given in the original description. A value of ~1.5 is given in the Handbook of Mineralogy, but seems very doubtful (too low). Range given here is based on some uncertain references and by comparison with stilpnomelane (Fe analogue).

Tenacity:

Flexible

Cleavage:

Perfect
[001] Perfect

Comment:

Single flakes are rather brittle.

Density:

2.59 g/cm³ (Measured) 2.76 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of ParsettensiteHide

Type:

Biaxial (+/-)

RI values:

n_α = 1.546 n_β = 1.576 n_γ = 1.576

Birefringence:

0.030

Max. Birefringence:

δ = 0.030
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.

Thickness: 30 µm

Rotation:

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Dispersion:

none

Pleochroism:

Visible

Comments:

colourless - pale yellow, greenish yellow

Chemistry of ParsettensiteHide

Mindat Formula:

(K,Na,Ca)_7.5(Mn,Mg)₄₉Si₇₂O₁₆₈(OH)₅₀ · nH₂O

Previous, simplified formula: K_1.2Mn₈(Si,Al)₁₂O₂₆(OH)₁₀.

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
O	40.916 %
Mn	31.435 %
Si	23.613 %
K	3.424 %
H	0.612 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Ca, H, K, Mg, Mn, Na, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Common Impurities:

Ti,B,Fe,V,Mg,Ba,Cl,C,P

Crystallography of ParsettensiteHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2/m - Prismatic

Space Group:

B2/m

Setting:

C2/m

Cell Parameters:

a = 39.10 Å, b = 22.84 Å, c = 17.95 Å
β = 135.60°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 1.712 : 1 : 0.786

Unit Cell V:

11215.7 Å³

Morphology:

platy crystals, lamellar, massive

Twinning:

Invariably twinned.

Comment:

C2/m setting; pseudo-orthorhombic, pseudo-hexagonal

Crystal StructureHide

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0001653	Parsettensite	Eggleton R A, Guggenheim S (1994) The use of electron optical methods to determine the crystal structure of a modulated phyllosilicate: Parsettensite American Mineralogist 79 426-437		1994		0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Parsettensite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Eggleton R A'
'Guggenheim S'
_journal_name_full 'American Mineralogist'
_journal_volume 79 
_journal_year 1994
_journal_page_first 426
_journal_page_last 437
_publ_section_title
;
 The use of electron optical methods to determine the crystal structure of a
 modulated phyllosilicate: Parsettensite
;
_database_code_amcsd 0001653
_chemical_formula_sum 'Mn49 (Si64.512 Al7.488) O218 K7.512'
_cell_length_a 39.1
_cell_length_b 22.84
_cell_length_c 17.95
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 135.6
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 11215.699
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      2.513
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'C 1 2/m 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2+y,z'
  'x,-y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,z'
  '-x,y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
  '1/2-x,1/2-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
_atom_site_occupancy
Mn1   0.57430   0.00000   0.00870   1.00000
Mn2   0.71860   0.00000   0.01330   1.00000
Mn3   0.00000   0.00000   0.00000   1.00000
Mn4   0.85780   0.00000   0.00160   1.00000
Mn5   0.50000   0.06970   0.00000   1.00000
Mn6   0.64750   0.07030   0.01390   1.00000
Mn7   0.78800   0.07000   0.00750   1.00000
Mn8   0.92820   0.07090   0.00000   1.00000
Mn9   0.57440   0.14280   0.00790   1.00000
Mn10   0.71730   0.14290   0.00910   1.00000
Mn11   0.85710   0.14300  -0.00020   1.00000
Mn12   0.00000   0.14360   0.00000   1.00000
Mn13   0.50000   0.21350   0.00000   1.00000
Mn14   0.64560   0.21350   0.00860   1.00000
Mn15   0.78490   0.21500  -0.00030   1.00000
Mn16   0.92800   0.21430  -0.00230   1.00000
Si1   0.47250   0.06800   0.21560   0.89600
Al1   0.47250   0.06800   0.21560   0.10400
Si2   0.54270   0.13430   0.22010   0.89600
Al2   0.54270   0.13430   0.22010   0.10400
Si3   0.61390   0.06810   0.22840   0.89600
Al3   0.61390   0.06810   0.22840   0.10400
Si4   0.40430   0.13660   0.21480   0.89600
Al4   0.40430   0.13660   0.21480   0.10400
Si5   0.40560   0.27230   0.21910   0.89600
Al5   0.40560   0.27230   0.21910   0.10400
Si6   0.47500   0.33810   0.22030   0.89600
Al6   0.47500   0.33810   0.22030   0.10400
Si7   0.54360   0.27010   0.22160   0.89600
Al7   0.54360   0.27010   0.22160   0.10400
Si8   0.50220   0.43160   0.37780   0.89600
Al8   0.50220   0.43160   0.37780   0.10400
Si9   0.69460   0.16030   0.38000   0.89600
Al9   0.69460   0.16030   0.38000   0.10400
Si10   0.65490   0.27790   0.37900   0.89600
Al10   0.65490   0.27790   0.37900   0.10400
Si11   0.33660   0.06790   0.21560   0.89600
Al11   0.33660   0.06790   0.21560   0.10400
Si12   0.27010   0.13690   0.21920   0.89600
Al12   0.27010   0.13690   0.21920   0.10400
Si13   0.20300   0.06790   0.22180   0.89600
Al13   0.20300   0.06790   0.22180   0.10400
Si14   0.34100   0.34280   0.22750   0.89600
Al14   0.34100   0.34280   0.22750   0.10400
Si15   0.27380   0.27260   0.22750   0.89600
Al15   0.27380   0.27260   0.22750   0.10400
Si16   0.42510   0.42930   0.38210   0.89600
Al16   0.42510   0.42930   0.38210   0.10400
Si17   0.22360   0.15490   0.37980   0.89600
Al17   0.22360   0.15490   0.37980   0.10400
Si18   0.26340   0.27230   0.38100   0.89600
Al18   0.26340   0.27230   0.38100   0.10400
O1   0.65440   0.00000   0.11060   1.00000
O2   0.79800   0.00000   0.10860   1.00000
O3   0.93740   0.00000   0.09900   1.00000
O4   0.07960   0.00000   0.09730   1.00000
O5   0.22150   0.00000   0.09310   1.00000
O6   0.36110   0.00000   0.08510   1.00000
O7   0.50610   0.00000   0.09630   1.00000
O8   0.72690   0.07230   0.10910   1.00000
O9   0.86700   0.07180   0.09940   1.00000
O10   0.00780   0.07180   0.09610   1.00000
O11   0.15150   0.07120   0.09710   1.00000
O12   0.29130   0.07060   0.08690   1.00000
O13   0.43250   0.07100   0.08680   1.00000
O14   0.58010   0.07180   0.10180   1.00000
O15   0.65440   0.14290   0.10740   1.00000
O16   0.79630   0.14390   0.10110   1.00000
O17   0.93660   0.14330   0.09600   1.00000
O18   0.07960   0.14190   0.09700   1.00000
O19   0.22190   0.14130   0.09190   1.00000
O20   0.36210   0.14090   0.08590   1.00000
O21   0.50560   0.14160   0.09260   1.00000
O22   0.72480   0.21610   0.10250   1.00000
O23   0.86380   0.21650   0.09170   1.00000
O24   0.00780   0.21520   0.09640   1.00000
O25   0.15180   0.21300   0.09990   1.00000
O26   0.29460   0.21180   0.09600   1.00000
O27   0.43440   0.21340   0.09100   1.00000
O28   0.57990   0.21510   0.09970   1.00000
O29   0.51910   0.10460   0.25710   1.00000
O30   0.58680   0.09230   0.26040   1.00000
O31   0.66240   0.10810   0.29270   1.00000
O32   0.45050   0.09980   0.25460   1.00000
O33   0.41960   0.20410   0.25630   1.00000
O34   0.51920   0.29740   0.25810   1.00000
O35   0.50000   0.39580   0.29640   1.00000
O36   0.45290   0.30580   0.25880   1.00000
O37   0.55700   0.20200   0.26000   1.00000
O38   0.59800   0.29760   0.29600   1.00000
O39   0.50320   0.50000   0.35420   1.00000
O40   0.45480   0.41340   0.35310   1.00000
O41   0.66030   0.21750   0.34030   1.00000
O42   0.48670   0.00000   0.25450   1.00000
O43   0.63410   0.00000   0.26470   1.00000
O44   0.68530   0.33030   0.38640   1.00000
O45   0.72450   0.13970   0.50000   1.00000
O46   0.68160   0.26680   0.50000   1.00000
O47   0.55000   0.41240   0.50000   1.00000
O48   0.31550   0.09930   0.25700   1.00000
O49   0.24970   0.10210   0.25970   1.00000
O50   0.19970   0.10070   0.29660   1.00000
O51   0.38270   0.10450   0.25460   1.00000
O52   0.31950   0.31090   0.26750   1.00000
O53   0.36990   0.40300   0.29280   1.00000
O54   0.38370   0.30080   0.26050   1.00000
O55   0.28850   0.20400   0.26050   1.00000
O56   0.26390   0.29490   0.29630   1.00000
O57   0.42840   0.50000   0.38680   1.00000
O58   0.23230   0.21190   0.34090   1.00000
O59   0.35120   0.00000   0.25440   1.00000
O60   0.21850   0.00000   0.26010   1.00000
O61   0.23660   0.32480   0.38470   1.00000
K1   0.05680   0.20000   0.47500   0.31300
K2   0.12340   0.00000   0.47500   0.31300
K3   0.24010   0.00000   0.47500   0.31300
K4   0.11510   0.37500   0.47500   0.31300
K5   0.92340   0.20000   0.47500   0.31300
K6   0.85680   0.00000   0.47500   0.31300
K7   0.74010   0.00000   0.47500   0.31300
K8   0.86510   0.37500   0.47500   0.31300

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
12.1 Å	(100)
6.2 Å	(20)
4.5 Å	(40)
4.2 Å	(60)
3.84 Å	(50)
3.70 Å	(50)
3.26 Å	(20)
3.14 Å	(50)
2.79 Å	(80)
2.65 Å	(100)
2.42 Å	(50)
2.36 Å	(40)
2.18 Å	(40)
2.04 Å	(20)
1.943 Å	(10)
1.634 Å	(80)
1.617 Å	(60)
1.580 Å	(50)
1.520 Å	(10)
1.444 Å	(10)
1.410 Å	(10)
1.388 Å	(10)
1.320 Å	(100)
1.300 Å	(10)
1.230 Å	(20)

Comments:

ICDD 25-8

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism
32 : Ba/Mn/Pb/Zn deposits, including metamorphic deposits

Type Occurrence of ParsettensiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Parsettens Alp, Tinizong (Tinzen), Surses, Albula Region, Grisons, Switzerland

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland, 194806.
The Natural History Museum, London, England.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, 90497.

Geological Setting of Type Material:

metamorphosed manganese deposit

Reference:

Jakob, J. (1923) Vier Mangansilikate aus dem Val d'Err (Kt. Graubünden). Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 3: 227-237.

Synonyms of ParsettensiteHide

Errite

Other Language Names for ParsettensiteHide

German:Parsettensit

Russian:Парсеттенсит

Simplified Chinese:水硅锰石

Spanish:Parsettensita

Relationship of Parsettensite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Stilpnomelane Group

Other Members of Stilpnomelane Group:

Chalcodite	K(Fe³⁺,Mg,Fe²⁺)₈(Si,Al)₁₂(O,OH)₂₇	Tric. 1 : P1
Franklinphilite	(K,Na)₄(Mn²⁺,Mg,Zn)₄₈(Si,Al)₇₂(O,OH)₂₁₆ · 6H₂O	Tric.
Lennilenapeite	K_6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)₄₈(Si,Al)₇₂(O,OH)₂₁₆ · 16H₂O	Tric.
Stilpnomelane	(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)₈(Si,Al)₁₂(O,OH)₃₆ · nH₂O	Tric. 1 : P1

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

6 photos of Parsettensite associated with Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
5 photos of Parsettensite associated with Fluorapatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃F
5 photos of Parsettensite associated with Neotocite	(Mn,Fe)SiO₃ · H₂O (?)
4 photos of Parsettensite associated with Tinzenite	Ca₂Mn²⁺₄Al₄[B₂Si₈O₃₀](OH)₂
4 photos of Parsettensite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
2 photos of Parsettensite associated with Pyrite	FeS₂
2 photos of Parsettensite associated with Rhodonite	CaMn₃Mn[Si₅O₁₅]
1 photo of Parsettensite associated with Braunite	Mn²⁺Mn³⁺₆(SiO₄)O₈
1 photo of Parsettensite associated with Bikitaite	LiAlSi₂O₆ · H₂O
1 photo of Parsettensite associated with Lithiomarsturite	LiCaMn₃Si₅O₁₄(OH)

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.EG.05	Cymrite	BaAl₂Si₂(O,OH)₈ · H₂O	Mon. 2 : P2₁
9.EG.10	Naujakasite	(Na,K)₆(Fe²⁺,Mn²⁺,Ca)(Al,Fe)₄Si₈O₂₆	Mon.
9.EG.10	Manganonaujakasite	Na₆(Mn²⁺,Fe²⁺)Al₄Si₈O₂₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EG.15	Dmisteinbergite	Ca(Al₂Si₂O₈)	Trig. 3 2 : P3 1 2
9.EG.20	Kampfite	Ba₁₂(Si₁₁Al₅)O₃₁(CO₃)₈Cl₅	Mon. m
9.EG.25	Vertumnite	Ca₄Al₄Si₄O₆(OH)₂₄ · 3H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
9.EG.25	Strätlingite	Ca₂Al₂SiO₇ · 8H₂O	Trig. 3m : R3m
9.EG.30	Eggletonite	(Na,K,Ca)₂(Mn,Fe)₈(Si,Al)₁₂O₂₉(OH)₇ · 11H₂O	Mon.
9.EG.30	Ganophyllite	(K,Na,Ca)₂Mn₈(Si,Al)₁₂(O,OH)₃₂ · 8H₂O	Mon. 2/m
9.EG.30	Tamaite	(Ca,K,Ba,Na)_3-4Mn₂₄(Si,Al)₄₀(O,OH)₁₁₂ · 21H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.EG.35	Zussmanite	K(Fe,Mg,Mn)₁₃(Si,Al)₁₈O₄₂(OH)₁₄	Trig. 3 : R3
9.EG.35	Coombsite	KMn²⁺₁₃(Si,Al)₁₈O₄₂(OH)₁₄	Trig.
9.EG.40	Chalcodite	K(Fe³⁺,Mg,Fe²⁺)₈(Si,Al)₁₂(O,OH)₂₇	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EG.40	Franklinphilite	(K,Na)₄(Mn²⁺,Mg,Zn)₄₈(Si,Al)₇₂(O,OH)₂₁₆ · 6H₂O	Tric.
9.EG.40	Lennilenapeite	K_6-7(Mg,Mn,Fe,Zn)₄₈(Si,Al)₇₂(O,OH)₂₁₆ · 16H₂O	Tric.
9.EG.40	Stilpnomelane	(K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)₈(Si,Al)₁₂(O,OH)₃₆ · nH₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EG.45	Latiumite	(Ca,K)₄(Si,Al)₅O₁₁(SO₄,CO₃)	Mon. 2 : P2₁
9.EG.45	Levantite	KCa₃Al₂(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)(PO₄)	Mon. 2 : P2₁
9.EG.45	Tuscanite	KCa₆(Si,Al)₁₀O₂₂(SO₄,CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.EG.50	Jagoite	Pb₁₈Fe³⁺₄[Si₄(Si,Fe³⁺)₆][Pb₄Si₁₆(Si,Fe)₄]O₈₂Cl₆	Hex. 6 m2 : P6c2
9.EG.50	Friisite	Pb₈Al₃Si₈O₂₇Cl₃	Hex. 6 m2 : P6₂c
9.EG.55	Wickenburgite	CaPb₃Al₂Si₁₀O₂₄(OH)₆	Trig. 3m : P3 1c
9.EG.60	Hyttsjöite	Pb₁₈Ba₂Ca₅Mn²⁺₂Fe³⁺₂Si₃₀O₉₀Cl · 6H₂O	Trig. 3 : R3
9.EG.65	Armbrusterite	K₅Na₇Mn₁₅[(Si₉O₂₂)₄](OH)₁₀ · 4H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.EG.70	Roymillerite	Pb₂₄Mg₉(Si₁₀O₂₈)(CO₃)₁₀(BO₃)(SiO₄)(OH)₁₃O₅	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EG.70	Britvinite	[Pb₇(OH)₃F(BO₃)₂(CO₃)][Mg_4.5(OH)₃(Si₅O₁₄)]	Tric. 1 : P1
9.EG.75	Kayupovaite	Na₂Mn₁₀[(Si₁₄Al₂)O₃₈(OH)₈] · 7H₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.EG.75	UM1989-30-SiO:AlBaCaFeHKMgMn	(Ba,Ca)(Mn,Fe,Mg)₂₂(Si,Al)₃₂O₇₆(OH)₁₆ · 12H₂O
9.EG.75	Bannisterite	(Ca,K,Na)(Mn²⁺,Fe²⁺)₁₀(Si,Al)₁₆O₃₈(OH)₈ · nH₂O	Mon. 2/m : B2/b

RadioactivityHide

Radioactivity:

Element	% Content	Activity (Bq/kg)	Radiation Type
Uranium (U)	0.0000%	0	α, β, γ
Thorium (Th)	0.0000%	0	α, β, γ
Potassium (K)	3.4242%	1,062	β, γ

For comparison:

Banana: ~15 Bq per fruit
Granite: 1,000–3,000 Bq/kg
EU exemption limit: 10,000 Bq/kg

Note: Risk is shown relative to daily recommended maximum exposure to non-background radiation of 1000 µSv/year. Note that natural background radiation averages around 2400 µSv/year so in reality these risks are probably extremely overstated! With infrequent handling and safe storage natural radioactive minerals do not usually pose much risk.

Interactive Simulator:

Note: The mass selector refers to the mass of radioactive mineral present, not the full specimen, also be aware that the matrix may also be radioactive, possibly more radioactive than this mineral!

Mass of radioactive mineral:

Shielding material:

Activity: –

Distance	Dose rate	Risk
1 cm
10 cm
1 m

The external dose rate (D) from a radioactive mineral is estimated by summing the gamma radiation contributions from its Uranium, Thorium, and Potassium content, disregarding daughter-product which may have a significant effect in some cases (eg 'pitchblende'). This involves multiplying the activity (A, in Bq) of each element by its specific gamma ray constant (Γ), which accounts for its unique gamma emissions. The total unshielded dose at 1 cm is then scaled by the square of the distance (r, in cm) and multiplied by a shielding factor (μ_shield). This calculation provides a 'worst-case' or 'maximum risk' estimate because it assumes the sample is a point source and entirely neglects any self-shielding where radiation is absorbed within the mineral itself, meaning actual doses will typically be lower. The resulting dose rate (D) is expressed in microsieverts per hour (μSv/h).

D = ((A_U × Γ_U) + (A_Th × Γ_Th) + (A_K × Γ_K)) / r² × μ_shield

Fluorescence of ParsettensiteHide

In UV light:

Not fluorescent in UV

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for ParsettensiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-3125.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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External Links:

Look for Parsettensite on Webmineral

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for ParsettensiteHide

Reference List:

Jakob, J. (1923) Vier Mangansilikate aus dem Val d'Err (Kt. Graubünden). Schweizerische Mineralogische und Petrographische Mitteilungen: 3: 227-237.

Foshag, W.F. (1925) New minerals. American Mineralogist: 10: 107. [Abs.]

Geiger, T. (1948) Manganerze in den Radiolariten Graubündens. Beiträge zur Geologie der Schweiz: 27: 37-42 (in German).

Cortesogno, L., Lucchetti, G., Penco, A.M. (1979) Le mineralizzazioni a manganese nei diaspri delle ofioliti liguri: mineralogia e genesi. Rendiconti della Societa Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia: 35: 151-197. (in Italian)

Eggleton, R. A., Guggenheim, Stephen (1994) The use of electron optical methods to determine the crystal structure of a modulated phyllosilicate: Parsettensite. American Mineralogist, 79 (5-6) 426-437

Guggenheim, Stephen, Eggleton, R. A. (1994) A comparison of the structures and geometric stabilities of stilpnomelane and parsettensite: A distance least-squares (DLS) study. American Mineralogist, 79 (5-6) 438-442

Brusnitsyn, A.I., Starikova, E.V., Krivovichev, S.V., Chukanov, N.V. (1999) Ba-bearing parsettensite from Kyzil-Tash Mn ore deposit (the South Urals). Zapiski Vserossiiskogo Mineralogicheskogo Obshchestva: 128: 79-90 (in Russian).

(2001) Parsettensite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for ParsettensiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


China
Hubei ⓘ Huangshi	Jingfang Jin and Hui Jin (2000)
Shaanxi Ankang Ziyang County ⓘ Qujiashan Mine	Pingyi Wan (2002)
Hanzhong Xixiang County ⓘ Shuijingping Mn deposit	Pingyi Wan (2002)
Zhenba County ⓘ Liziya Mn deposit	Pingyi Wan (2002)
Sichuan Dazhou Wanyuan Co. ⓘ Dazhuhe Mn deposit	Pingyi Wan (2002)
ⓘ Haoziping Mn deposit	Pingyi Wan (2002)

France
Occitanie Hautes-Pyrénées ⓘ Aure Valley	De Ascenção Guedes et al. (2002)

Indonesia
Banten Province Cikotok Gold District ⓘ Cirotan mine	Marcoux et al. (1993) +1 other reference

Israel
Southern District Beersheba Subdistrict Tamar Regional Council Hatrurim Basin ⓘ Mazorite type locality	Krzątała et al. (2023)

Italy
Liguria Genoa Ne ⓘ Cassagna Mine	Ricerche chimiche sulla tinzenite e parsettensite della miniera di Cassagna (Liguria) +1 other reference
ⓘ Molinello Mine	Cortesogno et al. (1979)
Reppia ⓘ Gambatesa Mine	Pipino (1984)
La Spezia Province Rocchetta di Vara ⓘ Monte Nero Mine	Dr. Uwe Kolitsch (EDS+XRD)
Piedmont Cuneo Province Pontechianale ⓘ Lago Blu	Piccoli (2002) +1 other reference
Metropolitan City of Turin Cesana Torinese ⓘ Roccia Rossa	Martin et al. (1984) +3 other references
Pragelato ⓘ Troncea Valley	Piccoli et al. (2007)

Japan
Iwate Prefecture Kunohe-gun Noda ⓘ Noda-Tamagawa mine	Watanabe (1959)
Kochi Prefecture Nankoku city ⓘ Ananai mine	Minerals Unlimited label from 1950s +1 other reference
Saitama Prefecture Hidaka City ⓘ Oumiya mine (Ohmiya mine; Omiya mine)	Collection of NHM
Shiga Prefecture Takashima City ⓘ Kumanohata mine	Masutomi Museum specimen (Kyoto) +1 other reference

Kazakhstan
Ulytau Region Karazhal Zhayrem (Zhairem) ⓘ Ushkatyn No. 3 deposit (Ushkatyn-III deposit)	Brusnitsyn et al. (2021)

New Zealand
Otago Region Clutha District ⓘ Watsons Beach	Sameshima et al. (1991)

Romania
ⓘ Bistriţa Mn belt	Hîrtopanu et al. (2003) +1 other reference

Russia
Bashkortostan ⓘ Bikkulovskoe deposit	Brusnitsyn et al. (2009)
Sibay ⓘ Yuzhno-Faizulinskoe Mn deposit (South Faizuly deposit; South Faizulino deposit)	Brusnitsyn (2006)
Uchalinsky District ⓘ Kyzyl-Tash manganese deposit (Kyzil-Tash deposit)	Brusnitsyn +3 other references
Kamchatka Krai Milkovsky District Tolbachik Volcanic field Plosky Tolbachik Volcano ⓘ 2012-2013 Fissure Tolbachik Eruption site	Sharygin et al. (2018)
Khakassia (Republic of Khakassia) Askizsky Rayon Askiz ore district ⓘ Chapsordag deposit	Kassandrov et al. (2009)
ⓘ Malosyrsky deposit	Kassandrov et al. (2009)

South Africa
Northern Cape John Taolo Gaetsewe District Municipality Joe Morolong Local Municipality ⓘ Wessels Mine	Pohl et al. (1991)

Spain
Andalusia Huelva Almonaster la Real ⓘ Soloviejo Mines	Jorge et al. (2005)

Switzerland
Grisons Albula Region Surses Mulegns ⓘ Bercla Valley	Geiger T. (1948)
Tinizong (Tinzen) ⓘ Alp digl Plaz deposit	Geiger T. (1948)
ⓘ Falotta	Mandarino (2001)
ⓘ Parsettens Alp (TL)	Schweiz.Min.Petr.Mitt. (1923)
Maloja Region Samedan Piz Corvatsch ⓘ Furtschellas deposit	Stalder et al. (1998)
Plessur Region Arosa Langwies Fondei Valley ⓘ Barge (Barga)	Geiger T. (1948) +2 other references
ⓘ Litzirüti	Geiger T. (1948)
ⓘ Schröterwiti (Pretschalp)	Geiger T. (1948) +1 other reference
Viamala Region Ferrera Ausserferrera ⓘ Fianel	Brugger et al. (1996)
Rheinwald Splügen ⓘ Tanatz Alp	Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference

USA
California Sierra County Port Wine Mining District Grass Flat ⓘ Monumental Mine	Mike Scott S105697 from Cureton FWZ ID ...
Sonoma County Coast Range Russian River Mining District ⓘ Russian River	Muir Wood (1979)
Stanislaus County Ladd-Buckeye Mining District Mount Oso ⓘ Buckeye Mine (Buckeye Mines; Wright Mine)	Huebner +3 other references
Maine Oxford County Greenwood ⓘ Waisanen Quarry (Tamminen-Waisanen Quarry)	Found Oct 2021 and optically studied. ...
Paris ⓘ Ryerson Hill Quarries	Found in material from my 2019 ongoing ... +2 other references
North Carolina Cleveland County Kings Mountain ⓘ Foote Lithium Co. Mine	White (1994)
Gaston County ⓘ LCA Mine	Identical to parsettensite samples ...
ⓘ Macon County	Smithsonian Institution Mineral ...

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Parsettensite

About ParsettensiteHide

Unique IdentifiersHide

IMA Classification of ParsettensiteHide

Classification of ParsettensiteHide

Mineral SymbolsHide

Physical Properties of ParsettensiteHide

Optical Data of ParsettensiteHide

Chemistry of ParsettensiteHide

Crystallography of ParsettensiteHide

Crystal StructureHide

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Geological EnvironmentHide

Type Occurrence of ParsettensiteHide

Synonyms of ParsettensiteHide

Other Language Names for ParsettensiteHide

Relationship of Parsettensite to other SpeciesHide

Common AssociatesHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

RadioactivityHide

Fluorescence of ParsettensiteHide

Other InformationHide

Internet Links for ParsettensiteHide

References for ParsettensiteHide

Localities for ParsettensiteHide

Locality ListHide

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide