Brushite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Brushite
George Jarvis Brush
Formula:
Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Colour:
Colorless, light yellow; colorless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Sub-Vitreous, Pearly, Earthy
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
2.30 - 2.33
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
Named by Gideon E. Moore in 1865 in honor of American mineralogist George Jarvis Brush (December 15, 1831 Brooklyn, NY, USA - February 6, 1912 New Haven, CT, USA), Professor, Yale University.
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
793
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:793:9
IMA Classification of Brushite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
Classification of Brushite
8.CJ.50
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
J : With only large cations
8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
C : Phosphates without additional anions, with H2O
J : With only large cations
39.1.1.1
39 : HYDRATED ACID PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
1 : A[HXO4]·xH2O
39 : HYDRATED ACID PHOSPHATES,ARSENATES AND VANADATES
1 : A[HXO4]·xH2O
19.4.3
19 : Phosphates
4 : Phosphates of Ca
19 : Phosphates
4 : Phosphates of Ca
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Bsh | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Brushite
Sub-Vitreous, Pearly, Earthy
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent
Comment:
Pearly on cleavages.
Colour:
Colorless, light yellow; colorless in transmitted light.
Streak:
White
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
On {010} and {001}, perfect.
On {010} and {001}, perfect.
Density:
2.30 - 2.33 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.32 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
2.326 (artificial crystals).
Optical Data of Brushite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.539 - 1.540 nβ = 1.544 - 1.546 nγ = 1.551 - 1.552
2V:
Measured: 59° to 87°, Calculated: 80°
Birefringence:
0.012
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.012
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r >v , crossed
Optical Extinction:
X ∧ c = 30°; Z = b.
Pleochroism:
Non-pleochroic
Chemistry of Brushite
Mindat Formula:
Ca(PO3OH) · 2H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Brushite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
m - Domatic
Space Group:
Bb
Setting:
Cc
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.812(2) Å, b = 15.180(3) Å, c = 6.239(2) Å
β = 116.43(3)°
β = 116.43(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.383 : 1 : 0.411
Unit Cell V:
492.91 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals minute, acicular or prismatic to tabular {010}. Efflorescences, cavity linings. Earthy, powdery, foliated.
Comment:
Cell from Curry and Jones (1971).
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0008880 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008881 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008882 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008883 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008884 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008885 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008886 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008887 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008888 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008889 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008890 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008891 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008892 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008893 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008894 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008895 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008896 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008897 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008898 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008899 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008900 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008901 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0008902 | Brushite | Schofield P F, Knight K S, van der Houwen J A M, Valsami-Jones E (2004) The role of hydrogen bonding in the thermal expansion and dehydration of brushite, di-calcium phosphate dihydrate Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31 606-624 | 2004 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 7.62 Å | (100) |
| 4.27 Å | (10) |
| 3.80 Å | (30) |
| 3.06 Å | (10) |
| 2.93 Å | (10) |
| 2.63 Å | (10) |
| 2.53 Å | (10) |
| 1.90 Å | (10) |
Comments:
ICDD 11-293, also 9-77 (synthetic)
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 21 : Chemically precipitated carbonate, phosphate, iron formations | |
| Stage 10a: Neoproterozoic oxygenation/terrestrial biosphere | <0.6 |
| 49 : Oxic cellular biomineralization (see also #44) | <0.54 |
| 52 : Guano- and urine-derived minerals | <0.4 |
Geological Setting:
In biological phosphate as well as sedimentary phosphate deposits; incrustations on ancient bones and crypts. May form due to run-off from heavily fertilized fields.
Type Occurrence of Brushite
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Cave guano deposit.
Synonyms of Brushite
Other Language Names for Brushite
Relationship of Brushite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of Gypsum Supergroup:
| Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
| Gypsum | CaSO4 · 2H2O | Mon. 2/m |
| Pharmacolite | Ca(HAsO4) · 2H2O | Mon. m |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 2 photos of Brushite associated with Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O |
| 1 photo of Brushite associated with Wardite | NaAl3(PO4)2(OH)4 · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Brushite associated with Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| 1 photo of Brushite associated with Variscite | AlPO4 · 2H2O |
| 1 photo of Brushite associated with Whiteite Subgroup | XM1M22M32(H2O)8(OH)2(PO4)4 |
| 1 photo of Brushite associated with Anatase | TiO2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 8.CJ. | Airdite | Sr(V4+O)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ. | Dobšináite | Ca2Ca(AsO4)2 · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ. | Sainfeldite | Ca5(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ. | Caesiumpharmacosiderite | CsFe4[(AsO4)3(OH)4] · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ. | Jeankempite | Ca5(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 7H2O |
| 8.CJ.05 | Stercorite | (NH4)Na(PO3OH) · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.10 | Swaknoite | (NH4)2Ca(PO3OH)2 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.10 | Mundrabillaite | (NH4)2Ca(PO3OH)2 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.15 | Nabaphite | NaBaPO4 · 9H2O |
| 8.CJ.15 | Nastrophite | Na(Sr,Ba)PO4 · 9H2O |
| 8.CJ.20 | Haidingerite | CaHAsO4 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.25 | Rhabdophane-(Y) | YPO4 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.25 | Vladimirite | Ca4(AsO4)2(AsO3OH) · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.27 | Churchite-(Dy) | (Dy,Sm,Gd,Nd)PO4 · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.30 | Ferrarisite | Ca5(AsO4)2(HAsO4)2 · 9H2O |
| 8.CJ.35 | Fulbrightite | Ca(VO)2(AsO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.35 | Machatschkiite | (Ca,Na)6(AsO4)(HAsO4)3(PO4,SO4) · 15H2O |
| 8.CJ.40 | Rauenthalite | Ca3(AsO4)2 · 10H2O |
| 8.CJ.40 | Phaunouxite | Ca3(AsO4)2 · 11H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Brockite | (Ca,Th,Ce)PO4 · H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Smirnovskite | (Th,Ca)PO4 · nH2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Rhabdophane-(Ce) | Ce(PO4) · 0.6H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Rhabdophane-(La) | La(PO4) · H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Rhabdophane-(Nd) | Nd(PO4) · H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Tristramite | (Ca,U,Fe)(PO4,SO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Grayite | (Th,Pb,Ca)(PO4) · H2O |
| 8.CJ.45 | Štěpite | U(AsO3OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.47 | Vysokýite | U4+[AsO2(OH)2]4 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.50 | Churchite-(Y) | Y(PO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.50 | Ardealite | Ca2(PO3OH)(SO4) · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.50 | Pharmacolite | Ca(HAsO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.50 | Churchite-(Nd) | Nd(PO4) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.55 | Mcnearite | NaCa5(AsO4)(HAsO4)4 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.60 | Dorfmanite | Na2(PO3OH) · 2H2O |
| 8.CJ.65 | Sincosite | Ca(VO)2(PO4)2 · 5H2O |
| 8.CJ.65 | Bariosincosite | Ba(VO)2(PO4)2 · 4H2O |
| 8.CJ.70 | Catalanoite | Na2(PO3OH) · 8H2O |
| 8.CJ.75 | Guérinite | Ca6(HAsO4)3(AsO4)2 · 10.5H2O |
| 8.CJ.85 | Ningyoite | (U,Ca,Ce)2(PO4)2 · 1-2H2O |
Fluorescence of Brushite
Not fluorescent.
Other Information
Electrical:
Piezoelectric
Notes:
Readily soluble in HCl.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Brushite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-793.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Brushite
Reference List:
Lacroix, A. (1910) Minéralogie de la France et de ses colonies Vol. 4. Library Polytechnique, Paris. p.491
Frondel, Clifford (1943) Mineralogy of the calcium phosphates in insular phosphate rock. American Mineralogist, 28 (4) 215-232
Muray, John W., Dietrich, Richard V. (1956) Brushite and taranakite from Pig Hole Cave, Giles County, Virginia. American Mineralogist, 41 (7-8) 616-626
Localities for Brushite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria | |
| Korbel et al. (1999) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
Anguilla | |
| Palache et al. (1951) | |
Antarctica | |
| Gore et al. (2000) |
| Barczuk A. & Tatur A. 2003: BIOGENIC ... |
Argentina | |
| Benedetto et al. (1998) |
Aruba | |
| Stienstra (1985) |
Australia | |
| Snow et al. (2014) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| |
| Helictite 13:19-33 |
| Caves: processes +1 other reference |
| Bridge (1974) |
| R. Bottrill |
Austria | |
| F. Brandstätter (1996) |
| Niedermayr (1997) +2 other references |
| Pichler (2009) |
| Pichler (2009) | |
| Niedermayr et al. (1995) | |
| Exel (1993) |
| Strasser (1989) |
| Kolitsch et al. (2019) |
| Annalen 1999 |
| A.Alker (1968) |
Bahamas | |
| Onac B.P. et al. (2001) +1 other reference |
| Onac B.P. et al. (2001) | |
Belgium | |
| Hatert et al. (2002) | |
| Van Tassel (1944) +1 other reference |
Canada | |
| Robinson et al. (1992) |
| Robinson et al. (1992) | |
| Handbook for Mineralogy | |
Chile | |
| Pieczonka et al. (2017) |
Denmark | |
| Claus Hedegaard collection |
Ethiopia | |
| López-García et al. (2020) |
Finland | |
| Hytönen (1999) |
France | |
| Lacroix (1907) |
| Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Audra et al. (2019) |
| Palache et al. (1951) | |
Germany | |
| Belendorff (2021) |
| Wittern (2001) |
| Blaß et al. (1995) |
| ... |
| Gröbner et al. (2007) |
| Lapis 30 (7/8) |
| Rüger et al. (1995) |
| Ullrich (2018) |
Hungary | |
| Audra et al. (2019) |
| Sándor et al. (2005) |
| USGS Open-File Report 02–156–A +1 other reference |
Iran | |
| Amin et al. (2022) |
Ireland | |
| Ryback et al. (1988) |
Italy | |
| Dell'Anna et al. (1989) |
| Balenzano et al. (1984) +1 other reference |
| Balenzano et al. (1974) |
| Dell'Anna et al. (1989) |
| Dell'Anna et al. (1989) |
| Dell'Anna et al. (1989) | |
| Dell'Anna et al. (1989) | |
| Cancian (1984) |
| Balestra et al. (UK report) |
| Audra et al. (2019) |
| Audra et al. (2019) |
Japan | |
| - (n.d.) |
| Matsubara & Chiba (1982) |
| Nobuhide Sawamura & Hitoshi Momoi: ... +1 other reference |
Kenya | |
| Forti et al. (2004) |
Kiribati | |
| King (n.d.) | |
| King (n.d.) | |
Malaysia | |
| Bridge et al. (1983) |
Mexico | |
| Forti (2006) |
| Forti (2006) | |
Morocco | |
| WALENTA (1981) |
Namibia | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Dill et al. (2002) |
| Dunn (1991) |
Nicaragua | |
| Hynek et al. (2013) |
Poland | |
| Łukasz Kruszewski PXRD & EPMA data (2018) |
Portugal | |
| Neiva et al. (2000) |
Romania | |
| Onac et al. (1995) |
| Tămaş et al. (2011) |
| al României (2003) | |
| Dumitras D et al. (2004) |
| Marincea et al. (2006) |
| European Journal of Mineralogy +5 other references |
| Onac (2009) |
| B. Onac et al (2009, July) | |
| A. Januszewska PXRD data / Januszewska et al. (in preparation) |
| Neacșu Antonela (2007) |
| Marincea et al. (2004) +1 other reference |
| Onac et al. (2003) |
| Tudor Tămaș (2010) | |
| minerals-of-the-carpathians.eu (2008) |
| Hîrtopanu (1997) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| Sokol et al. (2022) |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] +1 other reference |
| [Der Aufschluss 1995:4 p163-180] | |
| Левочская et al. (2021) |
Slovakia | |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Koděra (1986) |
| Koděra (1986) | |
| Kettner (1948) +2 other references |
| Duda et al. (1992) |
| Koděra (1986) | |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| Martini et al. (1978) +1 other reference |
| Martini (1997) |
South Korea | |
| Jun +4 other references |
Spain | |
| B. Onac et al (2009) |
| Onac et al. (2005) |
| Onac et al. (2014) |
| Onac et al. (2005) | |
| Bareche (2005) |
| Benavente +2 other references |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
| Stalder et al. (1998) |
UK | |
| Golley et al. (1995) |
USA | |
| www.caves.org +1 other reference |
| Walker (1988) |
| Handbook for Mineralogy |
| Whitmore et al. (2004) |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Wise (1997) | |
| Handbook for Mineralogy |
| Muray et al. (1956) |
Venezuela | |
| Urbani (1996) |
| Urbani (1996) |
| Urbani (1996) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) |
| Franco Urbani (2009) |
Quick NavTopAbout BrushiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesRelationshipsCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatFluorescence Other InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Brandberg, Sankt Peter-Freienstein, Leoben District, Styria, Austria