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Freieslebenite

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered

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Photos of Freieslebenite (65)Discuss Freieslebenite

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Freieslebenite

Himmelsfürst Mine, Brand-Erbisdorf, Mittelsachsen, Saxony, Germany

Freieslebenite, etc.

Silver tunnel, Van Silver Property, Brandywine Creek, Vancouver Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

Freieslebenite

Neue Hoffnung Gottes Mine, Bräunsdorf, Oberschöna, Mittelsachsen, Saxony, Germany

Freieslebenite

Himmelsfürst Mine, Brand-Erbisdorf, Mittelsachsen, Saxony, Germany

Freieslebenite, etc.

Silver tunnel, Van Silver Property, Brandywine Creek, Vancouver Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

Freieslebenite

Neue Hoffnung Gottes Mine, Bräunsdorf, Oberschöna, Mittelsachsen, Saxony, Germany

Freieslebenite

Himmelsfürst Mine, Brand-Erbisdorf, Mittelsachsen, Saxony, Germany

Freieslebenite, etc.

Silver tunnel, Van Silver Property, Brandywine Creek, Vancouver Mining Division, British Columbia, Canada

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About FreieslebeniteHide

Johann Carl Freiesleben

Formula:

AgPbSbS₃

Colour:

grey, dark grey

Lustre:

Metallic

Hardness:

2½

Specific Gravity:

6.20 - 6.23

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Member of:

Freieslebenite Group

Name:

After Johann Carl Freiesleben (14 June 1774, Freiberg, Germany - 20 March 1846, Niederauerbach, Germany), Mining Commissioner of Saxony, who described the mineral.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Himmelsfürst Mine, Brand-Erbisdorf, Mittelsachsen, Saxony, Germany

Compare the chemically similar diaphorite.

Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

1606

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:1606:9

IMA Classification of FreieslebeniteHide

IMA status:

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)

Classification of FreieslebeniteHide

Strunz-mindat (2025):

2.JB.15

2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
J : Sulfosalts of PbS archetype
B : Galena derivatives, with Pb

Dana 8th ed.:

3.4.6.2

3 : SULFOSALTS
4 : ø = 3

Hey's CIM Ref.:

5.7.29

5 : Sulphosalts - Sulpharsenites and Sulphobismuthites (those containing Sn, Ge,or V are in Section 6)
7 : Sulpharsenites etc. of Pb and other metals

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Flb	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of FreieslebeniteHide

Lustre:

Metallic

Transparency:

Opaque

Colour:

Grey, dark grey

Streak:

Black

Hardness:

2½ on Mohs scale

Cleavage:

Imperfect/Fair
Imperfect on {010}

Fracture:

Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal

Density:

6.20 - 6.23 g/cm³ (Measured) 6.22 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of FreieslebeniteHide

Anisotropism:

Just noticeable

Reflectivity:

Wavelength	R₁ (%)	R₂ (%)
400nm	38.2%	42.5%
420nm	38.0%	42.1%
440nm	37.8%	41.7%
460nm	37.4%	41.3%
480nm	37.0%	40.9%
500nm	36.6%	40.5%
520nm	36.2%	40.1%
540nm	35.7%	39.7%
560nm	35.4%	39.3%
580nm	35.0%	38.9%
600nm	34.6%	38.5%
620nm	34.2%	38.1%
640nm	33.9%	37.7%
660nm	33.4%	37.2%
680nm	33.0%	36.7%
700nm	32.5%	36.1%

Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 42.5%.
R₁ shown in black, R₂ shown in red

Pleochroism:

Weak

Chemistry of FreieslebeniteHide

Mindat Formula:

AgPbSbS₃

Element Weights:

Element	% weight
Pb	38.873 %
Sb	22.843 %
Ag	20.237 %
S	18.047 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.

Elements listed:

Ag, Pb, S, Sb - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of FreieslebeniteHide

Crystal System:

Monoclinic

Class (H-M):

2/m - Prismatic

Space Group:

P2₁/b

Setting:

P2₁/a

Cell Parameters:

a = 7.518(1) Å, b = 12.809(4) Å, c = 5.940(1) Å
β = 92.25(1)°

Ratio:

a:b:c = 0.587 : 1 : 0.464

Unit Cell V:

571.57 Å³ (Calculated from Unit Cell)

Morphology:

Striated prismatic crystals

Twinning:

Twin plane {010}, lamellae visible in polished sections

Crystallographic forms of FreieslebeniteHide

Crystal Atlas:

Image Loading

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Freieslebenite - {110}, {120}, {011}, {031}, modified

Freieslebenite - Contact twin on {100}

Crystal StructureHide

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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4

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CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c

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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure

ID	Species	Reference	Link	Year	Locality	Pressure (GPa)	Temp (K)
0010582	Freieslebenite	Hellner E (1957) Uber komplex zusammengesetzte sulfidische erze. II. Zur struktur des freieslebenits, PbAgSbS3 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 109 284-295		1957	Hiendelaencina, Spain	0	293
0010760	Freieslebenite	Ito T, Nowacki W (1974) The crystal structure of freieslebenite, PbAgSbS3 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 139 85-102		1974	Vascongadas, Spain	0	293

CIF Raw Data - click here to close

data_global
_chemical_name_mineral 'Freieslebenite'
loop_
_publ_author_name
'Hellner E'
_journal_name_full 'Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie'
_journal_volume 109 
_journal_year 1957
_journal_page_first 284
_journal_page_last 295
_publ_section_title
;
 Uber komplex zusammengesetzte sulfidische erze. II. Zur struktur des
 freieslebenits, PbAgSbS3
;
_database_code_amcsd 0010582
_chemical_compound_source 'Hiendelaencina, Spain'
_chemical_formula_sum 'Pb Ag Sb S3'
_cell_length_a 7.53
_cell_length_b 12.79
_cell_length_c 5.95
_cell_angle_alpha 90
_cell_angle_beta 92.23
_cell_angle_gamma 90
_cell_volume 572.603
_exptl_crystal_density_diffrn      6.183
_symmetry_space_group_name_H-M 'P 1 21/a 1'
loop_
_space_group_symop_operation_xyz
  'x,y,z'
  '1/2+x,1/2-y,z'
  '1/2-x,1/2+y,-z'
  '-x,-y,-z'
loop_
_atom_site_label
_atom_site_fract_x
_atom_site_fract_y
_atom_site_fract_z
Pb   0.11300   0.08500   0.24000
Ag   0.09500   0.41500   0.24000
Sb   0.38500   0.25600   0.72000
S1   0.10000   0.10000   0.74000
S2   0.10000   0.41300   0.68000
S3   0.34000   0.26000   0.14000

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Loading XRD data...

2θ (degrees) d-spacing (Å)

Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 3b: Earth’s earliest hydrosphere	>4.45
14 : Hot springs, geysers, and other subaerial geothermal minerals
High-? alteration and/or metamorphism
33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12])

Geological Setting:

Hydrothermal veins

Type Occurrence of FreieslebeniteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Himmelsfürst Mine, Brand-Erbisdorf, Mittelsachsen, Saxony, Germany

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

No designated type material.

Synonyms of FreieslebeniteHide

Antimonial Sulphuret of Silver

Donacargyrite

Other Language Names for FreieslebeniteHide

Dutch:Freieslebeniet

French:Argent gris antimoniale

German:Freieslebenit
Basitomglanz
Donacargyrit
Dunkles Weißgültigerz
Schilfglanzerz
Schilfglaserz

Russian:Фрейслебенит

Simplified Chinese:柱硫锑铅银矿

Spanish:Donacargyrita
Freieslebenita

Relationship of Freieslebenite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Freieslebenite Group

Other Members of Freieslebenite Group:

Marrite

AgPbAsS₃

Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:

24 photos of Freieslebenite associated with Quartz	SiO₂
13 photos of Freieslebenite associated with Siderite	FeCO₃
10 photos of Freieslebenite associated with Baryte	BaSO₄
9 photos of Freieslebenite associated with Chalcopyrite	CuFeS₂
6 photos of Freieslebenite associated with Galena	PbS
3 photos of Freieslebenite associated with Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
3 photos of Freieslebenite associated with Pyrargyrite	Ag₃SbS₃
2 photos of Freieslebenite associated with Sphalerite	ZnS
1 photo of Freieslebenite associated with Gypsum	CaSO₄ · 2H₂O
1 photo of Freieslebenite associated with Boulangerite	Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

2.JB.	Clino-oscarkempffite	Ag₁₅Pb₆Sb₂₁Bi₁₈S₇₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Arsenquatrandorite	Ag_17.6Pb_12.8Sb_38.1As_11.5S₉₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Ginelfite	Ag₂(Ag_0.5Fe)TlPb_23.5(Sb,As)_33.5S₇₆	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Andreadiniite	CuHgAg₇Pb₇Sb₂₄S₄₈	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Chukotkaite	AgPb₇Sb₅S₁₅	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Selenojunoite	Cu₂Pb₃Bi₈Se₁₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.	Lechnerite	Ag₁₀Cu₄HgPb₃₃Sb₅₈S₁₂₈	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Cuprosenandorite	Ag₁₆Cu₈Pb₂₄Sb₇₂S₁₄₄	Orth. mm2 : Pna2₁
2.JB.	Morleyite	Ag₂CuPb₂₅Sb₂₄As₄S_68.5	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Lazerckerite	Ag_3.75Pb_4.50(Sb_7.75Bi₄)S₂₄	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.	Lasmanisite	Ag₁₂Pb₁₃Mn₁₁Sb₄₄S₉₆	Orth. 2 2 2 : P2₁ 2₁ 2₁
2.JB.	Montpelvouxite	AgPb₁₆Sb₂₇As₁₈S₈₄	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.	Senandorite	AgPbSb₃S₆	Orth. mm2 : Pmn2₁
2.JB.	Oscarkempffite	Ag₁₀Pb₄(Sb₁₇Bi₉)S₄₈	Orth. mm2
2.JB.05	Diaphorite	Ag₃Pb₂Sb₃S₈	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.10	Cosalite	Pb₂Bi₂S₅	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.15	Marrite	AgPbAsS₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.20	Cannizzarite	Pb₄₈Bi₅₆S₁₃₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.20	Wittite	Pb₉Bi₁₂(S,Se)₂₇	Mon.
2.JB.25j	Rouxelite	Cu₂HgPb₂₃Sb₂₇S_65.5	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25i	Neyite	Ag₂Cu₆Pb₂₅Bi₂₆S₆₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25a	Junoite	Cu₂Pb₃Bi₈(S,Se)₁₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25f	Ángelaite	Cu₂AgPbBiS₄	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.25c	Nordströmite	CuPb₃Bi₇(Se₄S₁₀)	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.25i	Cuproneyite	Cu₇Pb₂₇Bi₂₅S₆₈	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25g	Nuffieldite	Cu_1.4Pb_2.4Bi_2.4Sb_0.2S₇	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.25h	Weibullite	Pb₅Bi₈Se₇S₁₁	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.25d	Proudite	CuPb_7.5Bi_9.33(S,Se)₂₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.25b	Felbertalite	Cu₂Pb₆Bi₈S₁₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.30a	Jordanite	Pb₁₄As₆S₂₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.30a	Geocronite	Pb₁₄Sb₆S₂₃	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.30a	Arsenmarcobaldiite	Pb₁₂(As_3.2Sb_2.8)_Σ6S₂₁	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.30b	Kirkiite	Pb₁₀Bi₃As₃S₁₉	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
2.JB.30c	Tsugaruite	Pb₂₈As₁₅S₅₀Cl	Orth. mm2 : Pnn2
2.JB.30a	Marcobaldiite	Pb₁₂(Sb₃As₂Bi)_Σ6S₂₁	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.35d	Pellouxite	(Cu,Ag)Pb₁₀Sb₁₂S₂₇O(Cl,S)_0.6	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35e	Chovanite	Pb_15-2xSb_14+2xS₃₆O_x (x ~ 0.2)	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35a	Zinkenite	Pb₉Sb₂₂S₄₂	Hex. 6 : P6₃
2.JB.35c	Pillaite	Pb₉Sb₁₀S₂₃ClO_0.5	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35b	Scainiite	Pb₁₄Sb₃₀S₅₄O₅	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.35f	Tubulite	Ag₂Pb₂₂Sb₂₀S₅₃	Mon. m : Pb
2.JB.40a	Fizélyite	Ag₅Pb₁₄Sb₂₁S₄₈	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Ramdohrite	Pb_5.9Fe_0.1Mn_0.1In_0.1Cd_0.2Ag_2.8Sb_10.8S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40e	Ustarasite	Pb(Bi,Sb)₆S₁₀ (?)
2.JB.40a	Bursaite	Pb₅Bi₄S₁₁ (?)	Orth.
2.JB.40	UM1988-05-S:AgBiCuHgPb	(Hg,Ag,Cu,Pb)₅Pb₅Bi₁₁S₂₇
2.JB.40	UM1988-06-S:AgBiCuHgPb	(Pb,Hg)₁₂(Cu,Ag)₃(Bi,Sb)₁₀(S,Te)₂₇
2.JB.40a	Terrywallaceite	AgPb(Sb,Bi)₃S₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Jasrouxite	Ag₁₆Pb₄(Sb₂₄As₁₆)S₇₂	Tric. 1 : P1
2.JB.40a	Tarutinoite	Ag₃Pb₇Bi₇S₁₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40a	Oyonite	Ag₃Mn₂Pb₄Sb₇As₄S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40b	Heyrovskýite	Pb₆Bi₂S₉	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm
2.JB.40a	Quatrandorite	AgPbSb₃S₆	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Erzwiesite	Ag₈Pb₁₂Bi₁₆S₄₀	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
2.JB.40a	Vikingite	Ag₅Pb₈Bi₁₃S₃₀	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40a	Lillianite	Pb_3-2xAg_xBi_2+xS₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.40b	Baiamareite	Ag₄Pb₁₂Fe₄Sb₂₀S₄₈	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Staročeskéite	Ag_0.70Pb_1.60(Bi_1.35Sb_1.35)_Σ2.70S₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cmcm
2.JB.40a	Roshchinite	Ag₁₉Pb₁₀Sb₅₁S₉₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
2.JB.40b	Aschamalmite	Pb_6-3xBi_2+xS₉	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.40b	Eskimoite	Ag₇Pb₁₀Bi₁₅S₃₆	Mon.
2.JB.40a	Menchettiite	AgPb_2.40Mn_1.60Sb₃As₂S₁₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Holubite	Ag₃Pb₆(Sb₈Bi₃)S₂₄	Mon. 2/m
2.JB.40a	Brusnitsynite	Mn₃CuPbAs₃Sb₂S₁₂	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
2.JB.40a	Treasurite	Ag₇Pb₆Bi₁₅S₃₂	Mon.
2.JB.40c	Ourayite	Ag₃Pb₄Bi₅S₁₃	Orth.
2.JB.40a	Uchucchacuaite	AgMnPb₃Sb₅S₁₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pmmm
2.JB.40d	Schirmerite	PbAgBi₃S₆ - Pb₃Ag_1.5Bi_3.5S₉	Orth.
2.JB.40a	Xilingolite	Pb₃Bi₂S₆	Mon.
2.JB.40a	Gustavite	AgPbBi₃S₆	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
2.JB.55	Gratonite	Pb₉As₄S₁₅	Trig. 3m : R3m
2.JB.60	Marrucciite	Hg₃Pb₁₆Sb₁₈S₄₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
2.JB.65	Vurroite	Pb₂₀Sn₂(Bi,As)₂₂S₅₄Cl₆	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.JB.65	Tazieffite	Pb₂₀Cd₂(As,Bi)₂₂S₅₀Cl₁₀	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
2.JB.70	Daliranite	PbHgAs₂S₅	Mon.

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Industrial Uses:

Silver ore

Internet Links for FreieslebeniteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-1606.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for FreieslebeniteHide

Reference List:

De l`Isle, R. (1773) Cristallographie, ou Description des formes propres à tous les corps du Regne mineral. Paris Vol. 3: p. 54.

Freiesleben, J.C. (1817) Geognostische Arbeiten: 6: 97-101.

Haidinger, W. (1845) Zweite Klasse: Geogenide. XIV. Ordnung. Glanze. VII. Antimonglanz. Freieslebenit. in Handbuch der Bestimmenden Mineralogie, Bei Braumüller and Seidel (Wien): 563-570.

Zepharovich, M. V. R. (1871): Über Diaphorit und Freieslebenit. Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe, 1. Abt., 63, 130-156.

Vrba (1878) Zs. Kr.: 2: 153.

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1944) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 1 - Elements, Sulfides, Sulfosalts, Oxides. John Wiley and Sons, New York.pp.416-418

Hellner, Erwin (1957) Über komplex zusammengesetzte sulfidische Erze II. Zur Struktur des Freieslebenits, PbAgSbS3. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 109 (1) 284-295 doi:10.1524/zkri.1957.109.1-6.284

Berry, L. G., Thompson, R. M. (1962) X-Ray Powder Data for Ore Minerals: the Peacock Atlas. GSA Memoir 85. Geological Society of America doi:10.1130/mem85p.137

Fleischer, M. (1973) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 58: 139-141.

Ito, Tetsuzo, Nowacki, Werner (1974) The crystal structure of freieslebenite, PbAgSbS3. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie, 139 (1). 85-102 doi:10.1524/zkri.1974.139.1-2.85

Appiani, R., Bogni, G., Gentile, P., Vignola, P., Gruppo Orobico Minerali (1994) Le miniere di zinco della Val Brembana (BG) 2° parte. Rivista Mineralogica Italiana: 1994(1): 33-46.

Berlepsch, Peter; Makovicky, Emil; Armbruster, Thomas (2003) Structural relationships between sicherite, marrite, freieslebenite, and diaphorite - analysis based on anionic nets and polyhedral characteristics. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen, 178 (1). 75-91 doi:10.1127/0077-7757/2002/0178-0075

(2005) Freieslebenite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Localities for FreieslebeniteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Argentina
Córdoba Province Minas Department Ciénaga del Coro District ⓘ El Guaico mining district	Sureda (1978)
Salta Province Los Andes department San Antonio de los Cobres El Quevar mining district ⓘ El Quevar Mine	Brodtkorb (2002)
Santa Cruz Province Magallanes Department ⓘ Martha mine	Páez et al. (2016)

Armenia
Gegharkunik Province Sotk ⓘ Sotk gold mine	Harris et al. (1973)

Australia
New South Wales Goulburn Co. Jingellic ⓘ Carboona Lead Fluorite Mine	Degeling (1982)
Tasmania West Coast municipality Rosebery district Rosebery ⓘ Rosebery Mine	Sutton (2012)

Austria
Styria Bruck-Mürzzuschlag District Spital am Semmering Steinhaus am Semmering Fröschnitz valley (Fröschnitz) Hasen valley ⓘ Arzberg am Semmering mines	Auer (2020)
Murau District Sankt Lambrecht Sankt Blasen - Karchau mining area ⓘ Roßeck mining district (Saurau; Saurauwald)	Auer (2022)

Bolivia
La Paz José Manuel Pando Province Berenguela mining district ⓘ Manco Capac Mine	USGS Bulletin # 1975
ⓘ San José de Berenguela Mine (Elisa Mine; Hucurani Mine)	Federico Ahlfeld and Alejandro Schneider-Scherbina (1964)
Pacajes Province Caquiaviri ⓘ Joculluni Mine	USGS Bulletin # 1975
Oruro Pantaleón Dalence Province Huanuni ⓘ Huanuni mine	Cacho et al. (2019)
ⓘ Porvenir mine
Potosí Antonio Quijarro Province Porco Municipality Agua de Castilla Porco ⓘ Tornohuaico mine	Kempff et al. (La Paz, 2009)

Bulgaria
Kardzhali Province Momchilgrad Municipality Sedefche ⓘ Sedefche deposit	Kerestedjian T (1998) +1 other reference
ⓘ North ore body	Strashimirov et al. (2005)
Smolyan Province ⓘ Madan ore field	[MinRec 22 p.439]
Vratsa Province Balkan Mts (Stara Planina) ⓘ Sedmochislenitsi Mine (Sedmocislenici Mine) ?	www.geologija-revija.si (n.d.)

Canada
British Columbia Golden Mining Division Invermere Red Line Creek ⓘ Nip And Tuck Mine	Peatfield (n.d.)
Windermere District Invermere Delphine Creek ⓘ Delphine Mine	Peatfield (n.d.)
Vancouver Mining Division Brandywine Creek Van Silver Property ⓘ Silver tunnel	Woodside et al. (2000)
Manitoba Flin Flon District ⓘ Trout Lake mine	Healy et al. (1990)
Ontario Kenora District GTP Block 7 Township ⓘ Mattabi Mine	Geoffrey Khalil Abdallah (1990)
Timiskaming District Cobalt-Gowganda region ⓘ Cobalt area	[www.ontariominerals.com] +2 other references
ⓘ Coleman Township	Traill (1983)
Yukon Whitehorse mining district Mount Nansen Mines ⓘ Weber Prospect	Anthony et al. (1990)

Chile
Tarapacá Tamarugal Province Huara ⓘ Patricia deposit	Darío Chinchilla et al. (2016)

China
Guangdong Yunfu Yuncheng District ⓘ Jinziwo Sn-polymetallic deposit	Weining Zhou (1994)
Guangxi Hezhou Babu District ⓘ Zhanggongling Mine	Weining Zhou (1994)
Nanning Long'an County ⓘ Fenghuangshan Ag-Pb-Zn deposit	Hongzhong Xu et al. (1997)
Hunan Chenzhou Guiyang Co. Huangshaping Pb-Zn-polymetallic ore field ⓘ Huangshaping Mine	Jingchun Wang et al. (1993) +1 other reference
Suxian District Dongpo ore field ⓘ Tianetang-Nanfeng'ao Mine	Youxun Liu et al. (2003)
Yongzhou Jiangyong Co. Tongshanling ore field ⓘ Antangling Mine	Hui Yi and Suyun Xu (2006)
Inner Mongolia Chifeng City (Ulanhad League; Chifeng Prefecture) Bairin Left Banner (Balin Zuoqi) ⓘ Aonaodaba Sn-Cu-Ag deposit	Dequan Zhang (1993) +1 other reference
Hexigten Banner (Keshiketeng Co.) Muxiga ⓘ Dajing Sn-Cu-polymetallic deposit	Liu et al. (2024)
Linxi County ⓘ Dajing Mine (Dajingzi Mine)	Yuhua Xie and Jiayin Zhang (1990)
Jiangxi Shangrao Dexing Co. Yinshan ore field ⓘ Yinshan Mine	Weining Zhou (1994)
Liaoning Dandong Fengcheng City Qingchengzi ore field ⓘ Yangshuqu Au-Ag-Pb-Zn deposit	Wentao Sun et al. (2008)
Yunnan Honghe Mengzi City ⓘ Bainiuchang Ag-polymetallic deposit	Xinpei Jiang (1994)

Czech Republic
Central Bohemian Region Kutná Hora District Kutná Hora ⓘ Poličany
ⓘ Roveňské pásmo Lode	Pažout et al. (2024)
ⓘ St. Antonín de Padua Adit	Pažout et al. (2019)
Příbram District Dubno Uranium Mine No. 21 ⓘ Vein H14F3	Škácha et al. (2012)
Háje Háje deposit ⓘ H32A vein	Dolníček et al. (2023)
Olomouc Region Jeseník District ⓘ Zlaté Hory	Kuttna +1 other reference

Ecuador
Azuay Province Gualaceo Canton ⓘ San Bartolomé silver mine	Mulshaw et al. (1994) +2 other references

Finland
Kainuu Sotkamo ⓘ Taivaljärvi	Kopperoinen

France
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Cantal Aurillac Labrousse ⓘ Le Ronesque	R. Pierrot
Mauriac Meallet ⓘ La Fagotaire	R. Pierrot
Saint-Flour Laurie Anliac ⓘ Soupirargues	R. Pierrot
Molèdes ⓘ Fournial Mine	R. Pierrot
Haute-Loire Brioude Desges ⓘ Les Combettes vein
Mazerat-Aurouze Aurouze ⓘ Le Grand Filon (Le Chevalet vein)	Pélisson (1989)
Saint-Just-près-Brioude ⓘ Chazelle	Anthony et al. (1990)
Puy-de-Dôme Issoire Anzat-le-Luguet ⓘ Vens-Haut	Périchaud (1968)
Brittany Finistère Châteaulin Laz ⓘ Plessis quarry	www.micromineral.org (n.d.)
Grand Est Bas-Rhin Sélestat-Erstein Lalaye Charbes ⓘ Charbes Sb Veins	Wittern et al. (1997)
Vosges Saint-Dié-des-Vosges Lusse ⓘ Notre-Dame de Forux Mine	Wittern et al. (1997)
Nouvelle-Aquitaine Corrèze Ussel Ussel ⓘ Les Farges Mine	[MinRec 1982
Occitanie Aveyron Rodez Pruines Le Kaymar ⓘ La Boule	Lheur (2023)
Villefranche-de-Rouergue Asprières ⓘ La Vidale mine	Pierrot R. et al. (1977)
Sonnac ⓘ La Diege mine	Pierrot et al. (1977)
Villefranche-de-Rouergue ⓘ La Baume	Inventaire Mineralogique de la France ...
Lozère Florac Vialas ⓘ Vialas smelter slag locality	Anthony et al. (1990)
Tarn Castres Montredon-Labessonnié Peyrebrune ⓘ Le Rivet Quarry	Georges FAVREAU collection and EDX ... +1 other reference
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Hautes-Alpes Briançon L'Argentière-la-Bessée ⓘ Le Fournel vein	R. Pierrot
La Grave ⓘ Le Chazelet mine	R. Pierrot +1 other reference
Gap La Chapelle-en-Valgaudemar ⓘ La Chauvetane	R. Pierrot

Germany
Saxony-Anhalt Mansfeld-Südharz Südharz ⓘ Dietersdorf	Gröbner et al. (2011)
ⓘ Schächte Mine	Gröbner et al. (2011)
Saxony Erzgebirgskreis Marienberg Lauta ⓘ Vater Abraham Mine	Wittern (2001)
Mittelsachsen Brand-Erbisdorf ⓘ Himmelsfürst Mine (TL)	R. De l`Isle (1773) +1 other reference
Freiberg Zug ⓘ Beschert Glück Mine	Baumann et al. (1997) +1 other reference
Großschirma Kleinvoigtsberg ⓘ Alte Hoffnung Gottes Mine	J.C. Freiesleben (1817)
Oberschöna Bräunsdorf ⓘ Neue Hoffnung Gottes Mine	J.C. Freiesleben (1817)

Greece
Attica East Attica Lavreotiki Plaka Plaka Mines ⓘ Plaka Mine No. 80	Kolitsch et al. (2015) +1 other reference

Hungary
Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County Kazincbarcika District Rudabánya ⓘ Villanytetõ mine	WDS: Viera Kollárová

India
Rajasthan Bhilwara District ⓘ Rampura-Agucha Zn-(Pb) deposit	Mukherjee et al. (1998)
Udaipur Division Udaipur District ⓘ Rajpura-Dariba deposit	Mukherjee et al. (1998)
ⓘ Sindesar Khurd prospect	Parihar et al. (2016, October)

Indonesia
South Sulawesi Province Gowa Regency ⓘ Baturappe prospect	Nur et al. (2012)
ⓘ Moncong Bincanai	Nur et al. (2011)

Italy
Lombardy Bergamo Province Dossena ⓘ ~~Paglio Pignolino Mine~~	Appiani et al. (1994)
Piedmont Metropolitan City of Turin Noasca ⓘ La Cuccagna Mine	Maletto et al. (2011)

Japan
Akita Prefecture Yuzawa City Ogachi ⓘ Innai mine	Kato (1973) +1 other reference
Hokkaidō Prefecture Kamikawa Subprefecture Shimokawa ⓘ Sanru mine	Matsubara et al. (2006)
Kagoshima Prefecture Suzuyama mining district ⓘ Yunoura mine (Yunagano mine) ?	Matsukuma (1962)
Okinawa Prefecture Okinawa Trough ⓘ Iheya North hydrothermal field	Yeats et al. (2017)

Kazakhstan
Karaganda Region ⓘ Dzhezkazgan mining district

Kosovo
Mitrovica District Mitrovica Trepča complex ⓘ Trepča Stari Trg Mine	Kołodziejczyk et al. (2015)

Mexico
Chihuahua Batopilas Municipality Andrés del Rio mining district ⓘ Batopilas	Wilson et al. (1986)
Uruáchic Municipality Uruáchic ⓘ Bolas Mine	Panczner (1987)
Durango Guanaceví Municipality Guanaceví ⓘ Verde Mine	Panczner (1987)
Tepehuanes Municipality San Ignacio de la Sierra (San Ignacio) ⓘ Huamuchil Mine	Panczner (1987)
ⓘ Salto Mine	Panczner (1987)
Guerrero Chilpancingo de los Bravo Municipality Chilpancingo de los Bravos (Chilpancingo) Carrizal ⓘ Delfina Mine	Panczner (1987)
Mexico Temascaltepec Municipality Temascaltepec de González (Temascaltepec) ⓘ La Guitarra mine (La Guitarra deposit)	Camprubi
ⓘ Quebradillas Mine	Panczner (1987)
Tlatlaya Municipality Tlatlaya ⓘ Diablo Mine	Panczner (1987)

Peru
Huancavelica Angaraes Province Julcani District ⓘ Julcani Mine	Bob Rothernberg specimen
Lima Oyón Province Oyón District Uchucchacua area ⓘ Uchucchacua Mine	Oudin et al. (1982)

Poland
Lower Silesian Voivodeship Karkonosze County Gmina Janowice Wielkie Janowice Wielkie ⓘ Mount Wołek	Kozłowski et al. (2022)
Świdnica County Gmina Świdnica ⓘ Bystrzyca Górna	Mederski et al. (2020)

Portugal
Aveiro Castelo de Paiva Raiva ⓘ Ourais Mine	Alves (n.d.)
ⓘ Terramonte Mine	Alves (n.d.) +1 other reference

Romania
Maramureș County Baia Mare ⓘ Dealul Crucii adit	Kipfer (1976) +1 other reference
ⓘ Herja Mine	Huber et al. (1996)
Baia Sprie ⓘ Baia Sprie mine	1-Rădulescu Dan
ⓘ Minei Hill open pit	Marias Francisc
Groșii Țibleșului ⓘ Țibleș deposit	Szakáll (2002)

Russia
Primorsky Krai Terneysky District ⓘ Taezhnoe Ag-Au deposit	Rogulina +2 other references
Republic of Karelia Pitkyarantsky District Alattu-Pakula-Janis ore field ⓘ Pakula gold prospect	Ivashchenko (2024)
Sakha Verkhoyansk Fold Belt Verkhoyansk Silver Province Western Verkhoyansk District Mangazeisky ore cluster ⓘ Mangazeiskoe Sn-Ag deposit	Anikina et al. (2016)

Serbia
ⓘ Boranja orefield	Slobodan A. Radosavljević et al. (2013) +1 other reference

Slovakia
Banská Bystrica Region Žarnovica District Hodruša-Hámre ⓘ Hodruša-Hámre mines	Kodě +1 other reference
ⓘ Bärenleuten vein ?	Onačila D. (1992)
ⓘ Schöpfer vein	Onačila F. et al. (1995)
Žiar nad Hronom District Kremnica ⓘ Kremnica Au-Ag deposit	Števko et al. (2018)
Košice Region Trebišov District ⓘ Byšta	Koděra
Prešov Region Prešov District Zlatá Baňa ⓘ Zlatá Baňa deposit	Duda et. all.
ⓘ Base metal deposit	specialities of chemical composition. ... +1 other reference

Spain
Andalusia Almería Pechina Baños de Alhamilla ⓘ Mina Casualidad	Rewitzer et al. (2020)
Castile-La Mancha Guadalajara ⓘ Hiendelaencina	Doblas et al. (1988)
ⓘ San Carlos Mine	- (1990)
ⓘ Santa Catalina Mine	Col. Agustin Agudo Espinosa.
ⓘ Santa Cecilia Mine	Zepharovich (1871) +1 other reference
ⓘ Verdad de los Artistas Mine (Los Artistas mine)	Zepharovich (1871) +1 other reference

Sweden
Värmland County Filipstad Långban Ore District ⓘ Långban Mine	Holtstam et al. (1999)
Västmanland County Sala Municipality Sala ⓘ Sala Silver Mine	Öhman (2003) +1 other reference

Switzerland
Valais Sierre Anniviers Ayer ⓘ Lapine Rousse Mine	Ansermet (2012)
Grimentz ⓘ Baicolliou Mine	Ansermet (2012)

USA
Arizona Yuma County ⓘ Castle Dome Mountains	Galbraith (1947) +2 other references
Colorado Eagle County Gilman Mining District (Battle Mountain Mining District; Red Cliff Mining District) Gilman ⓘ Eagle Mine	Eckel et al. (1997)
Gunnison County Elk Mountain Mining District (Snowmass Mountain Mining District) ⓘ Garfield Mine (King Cole Mine)	Mineralogical Society of America - ...
San Juan County Eureka Mining District ⓘ Cement Creek ?	Eckel et al. (1997)
Nevada Lander County Lewis Mining District ⓘ Dean Mine (Cumberland mine) ?	Castor et al. (2004)
ⓘ Reese River Mining District	Castor et al. (2004)
Nye County Hot Creek Range ⓘ Morey Mining District	Castor et al. (2004)
White Pine County Ward Mining District ⓘ Paymaster mine	Castor et al. (2004)

Uzbekistan
Samarqand North Nuratau Mountains Zarmitan ⓘ Charmitan Mine (Zarmitan Mine)	Gromova +4 other references

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Freieslebenite

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